{"data":{"id":"us-ca/cal.-const.-art.-i-18","jurisdiction":"us-ca","citation":"Cal. Const. art. I, § 18","heading":"","body":"Treason against the State consists only in levying war against it, adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort. A person may not be convicted of treason except on the evidence of two witnesses to the same overt act or by confession in open court.","path":["* California Constitution - CONS","ARTICLE I DECLARATION OF RIGHTS [SECTION 1. - SEC. 32.]"],"source_url":"https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zip","current_through":"2026-09-13","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T05:56:33Z","sha256":"c5a18ddbaecc444ccd80156a578d5048a3a931772e3f8082136aeb4840fec22b","source_id":"us-ca","stale":false,"prev":"us-ca/cal.-const.-art.-i-17","next":"us-ca/cal.-const.-art.-i-19"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}