{"data":{"id":"us-ca/evid-1411","jurisdiction":"us-ca","citation":"EVID § 1411","heading":"","body":"Except as provided by statute, the testimony of a subscribing witness is not required to authenticate a writing.","path":["Evidence Code - EVID","DIVISION 11. WRITINGS [1400. - 1605.]","CHAPTER 1. Authentication and Proof of Writings [1400. - 1454.]","ARTICLE 2. Means of Authenticating and Proving Writings [1410. - 1421.]"],"source_url":"https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zip","current_through":"2026-09-13","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T05:56:33Z","sha256":"405346802497f6b5d6f678649ef530d85eb8986d344214297667acd4ebf93c07","source_id":"us-ca","stale":false,"prev":"us-ca/evid-1410.5","next":"us-ca/evid-1412"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}