{"data":{"id":"us-ca/evid-1416","jurisdiction":"us-ca","citation":"EVID § 1416","heading":"","body":"A witness who is not otherwise qualified to testify as an expert may state his opinion whether a writing is in the handwriting of a supposed writer if the court finds that he has personal knowledge of the handwriting of the supposed writer. Such personal knowlegde may be acquired from:\n(a) Having seen the supposed writer write;\n(b) Having seen a writing purporting to be in the handwriting of the supposed writer and upon which the supposed writer has acted or been charged;\n(c) Having received letters in the due course of mail purporting to be from the supposed writer in response to letters duly addressed and mailed by him to the supposed writer; or\n(d) Any other means of obtaining personal knowledge of the handwriting of the supposed writer.","path":["Evidence Code - EVID","DIVISION 11. WRITINGS [1400. - 1605.]","CHAPTER 1. Authentication and Proof of Writings [1400. - 1454.]","ARTICLE 2. Means of Authenticating and Proving Writings [1410. - 1421.]"],"source_url":"https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zip","current_through":"2026-09-13","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T05:56:33Z","sha256":"fcd6596f1b993233933bb2fec9ead713a4eb2305f81189114ed060db0b24ce83","source_id":"us-ca","stale":false,"prev":"us-ca/evid-1415","next":"us-ca/evid-1417"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}