{"data":{"id":"us-ca/pen-1170.8","jurisdiction":"us-ca","citation":"PEN § 1170.8","heading":"","body":"(a) The fact that a robbery or an assault with a deadly weapon or instrument or by means of any force likely to produce great bodily injury was committed against a person while that person was in a church, synagogue, or building owned and occupied by a religious educational institution, or any other place primarily used as a place of worship where religious services are regularly conducted, shall be considered a circumstance in aggravation of the crime in imposing a term under subdivision (b) of Section 1170.\n(b) Upon conviction of any person for a violation of Section 451 or 453, the fact that the person intentionally burned, or intended to burn, a church, synagogue, or building owned and occupied by a religious educational institution, or any other place primarily used as a place of worship where religious services are regularly conducted, shall be considered a circumstance in aggravation of the crime in imposing a term under subdivision (b) of Section 1170.","path":["Penal Code - PEN","PART 2. OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE [681. - 1620.]","TITLE 7. OF PROCEEDINGS AFTER THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE TRIAL AND BEFORE JUDGMENT [1065. - 1188.]","CHAPTER 4.5. Trial Court Sentencing [1170. - 1172.75.]","ARTICLE 1. Initial Sentencing [1170. - 1171.]"],"source_url":"https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zip","current_through":"2026-09-13","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T05:56:33Z","sha256":"298fda8643b010cb8e87283ff83474efb30b35da8f3fa8ab7f5a523659065746","source_id":"us-ca","stale":false,"prev":"us-ca/pen-1170.78","next":"us-ca/pen-1170.81"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}