{"data":{"id":"us-ca/pen-186.23","jurisdiction":"us-ca","citation":"PEN § 186.23","heading":"","body":"This chapter does not apply to employees engaged in concerted activities for their mutual aid and protection, or the activities of labor organizations or their members or agents.","path":["Penal Code - PEN","PART 1. OF CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS [25. - 680.4.]","TITLE 7. OF CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE [92. - 186.36.]","CHAPTER 11. Street Terrorism Enforcement and Prevention Act [186.20. - 186.36.]"],"source_url":"https://downloads.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/pubinfo_2025.zip","current_through":"2026-09-13","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T05:56:33Z","sha256":"394a8c623dadaf3bab1b88e853040f17c8c020f0c06f2e0abd27ad3e1176fbd2","source_id":"us-ca","stale":false,"prev":"us-ca/pen-186.22a","next":"us-ca/pen-186.24"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}