{"data":{"id":"us-ga/o.c.g.a.-11-8-201","jurisdiction":"us-ga","citation":"O.C.G.A. § 11-8-201","heading":"Issuer.","body":"(a) With respect to an obligation on or a defense to a security, an “issuer” includes a person that:\n(1) Places or authorizes the placing of its name on a security certificate, other than as authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or the like, to evidence a share, participation, or other interest in its property or in an enterprise, or to evidence its duty to perform an obligation represented by the certificate;\n(2) Creates a share, participation, or other interest in its property or in an enterprise, or undertakes an obligation, that is an uncertificated security;\n(3) Directly or indirectly creates a fractional interest in its rights or property, if the fractional interest is represented by a security certificate; or\n(4) Becomes responsible for, or in place of, another person described as an issuer in this section.\n(b) With respect to an obligation on or defense to a security, a guarantor is an issuer to the extent of its guaranty, whether or not its obligation is noted on a security certificate.\n(c) With respect to a registration of a transfer, issuer means a person on whose behalf transfer books are maintained.","path":["TITLE 11 Commercial Code","Article 8 Investment Securities","PART 2 Issue and Issuer"],"source_url":"https://archive.org/download/gov.ga.ocga.2018/release86.2022.11/gov.ga.ocga.title.11.odt","current_through":"Release 86 (2022-11)","vintage":"Public.Resource.Org bulk O.C.G.A., Release 86 (2022-11), retrieved 2026-09-17","retrieved_at":"2026-09-17T19:34:57Z","sha256":"97e21bb3f667646c79261f8c96e805bbb02d781d0b534d9be99c9a48166e42f5","source_id":"us-ga","stale":false,"prev":"us-ga/o.c.g.a.-11-8-116","next":"us-ga/o.c.g.a.-11-8-202"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}