{"data":{"id":"us-ma/mass.-gen.-laws-ch.-263-9","jurisdiction":"us-ma","citation":"Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 263, § 9","heading":"Punishment; conditions precedent","body":"Section 9. A person shall not be punished for a crime unless he has been legally convicted thereof by a court having competent jurisdiction of the cause and of the person.","path":["Part IV","Title I","Chapter 263"],"source_url":"https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartIV/TitleI/Chapter263/Section9","current_through":"amendments passed before May 31, 2026","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-09-17T05:25:09Z","sha256":"cc0c0bf2b3b27713d59dead2f3f9d77ece5dfa866087b04fd3b9f637054df56b","source_id":"us-ma","stale":false,"prev":"us-ma/mass.-gen.-laws-ch.-263-8a","next":"us-ma/mass.-gen.-laws-ch.-263a-1"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}