{"data":{"id":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-324.8904","jurisdiction":"us-mi","citation":"Mich. Comp. Laws § 324.8904","heading":"Presumptions.","body":"Sec. 8904.\n\n(1) Except as provided in subsection (3) involving litter from a leased vehicle or leased vessel, in a proceeding for a violation of this part involving litter from a motor vehicle or vessel, proof that the particular vehicle or vessel described in the citation, complaint, or warrant was used in the violation, together with proof that the defendant named in the citation, complaint, or warrant was the registered owner of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation, gives rise to a rebuttable presumption that the registered owner of the vehicle or vessel was the driver of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation.\n\n(2) There is a rebuttable presumption that the driver of a vehicle or vessel is responsible for litter that is thrown, dumped, deposited, placed, or left from the vehicle or vessel on public or private property or water.\n\n(3) In a proceeding for a violation of this part involving litter from a leased motor vehicle or leased vessel, proof that the particular vehicle or vessel described in the citation, complaint, or warrant was used in the violation, together with proof that the defendant named in the citation, complaint, or warrant was the lessee of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation, gives rise to a rebuttable presumption that the lessee of the vehicle or vessel was the driver of the vehicle or vessel at the time of the violation.\n\n(4) In a proceeding for a violation of this part involving litter consisting of an abandoned vehicle, proof that the particular vehicle described in the citation, complaint, or warrant was abandoned, and that the defendant named in the citation, complaint, or warrant was the titled owner or lessee of the vehicle at the time it was abandoned, gives rise to a rebuttable presumption that the defendant abandoned the vehicle.","path":["MI Code","Chapter 324","Act Act-451-of-1994"],"source_url":"https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-324-8904","current_through":"2026-08-14","vintage":"open-us-law v2026.08, retrieved 2026-09-14","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T18:32:31Z","sha256":"bb19ba3689b35cfc2ffc4c93da0349650a786d1538e8a4ce22a80f4146c83cca","source_id":"us-mi","stale":false,"prev":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-324.8903","next":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-324.8905"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}