{"data":{"id":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-445.2502","jurisdiction":"us-mi","citation":"Mich. Comp. Laws § 445.2502","heading":"Definitions.","body":"Sec. 2.\n\nAs used in this act:\n\n\"Commercial e-mail\" means an electronic message, file, data, or other information promoting the sale, lease, or exchange of goods, services, real property, or any other thing of value that is transmitted between 2 or more computers, computer networks, or electronic terminals or within a computer network.\n\n\"Computer network\" means 2 or more computers that are, directly or indirectly, interconnected to exchange electronic messages, files, data, or other information.\n\n\"E-mail address\" means a destination, commonly expressed as a string of characters, to which e-mail may be sent or delivered.\n\n\"E-mail service provider\" means a person that is an intermediary in the transmission of e-mail or provides to end users of e-mail service the ability to send and receive e-mail.\n\n\"Internet domain name\" means a globally unique, hierarchical reference to an internet host or service, assigned through centralized internet authorities, comprising a series of character strings separated by periods, with the right-most string specifying the top of the hierarchy.\n\n\"Person\" means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, governmental entity, or any other legal entity.\n\n\"Preexisting business relationship\" means a relationship existing before the receipt of an e-mail formed voluntarily by the recipient with another person by means of an inquiry, application, purchase, or use of a product or service of the person sending the e-mail.\n\n\"Unsolicited\" means without the recipient's express permission. An e-mail is not unsolicited if the sender has a preexisting business or personal relationship with the recipient. An e-mail is not unsolicited if it was received as a result of the recipient opting into a system in order to receive promotional material.","path":["MI Code","Chapter 445","Act Act-42-of-2003"],"source_url":"https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-445-2502","current_through":"2026-08-14","vintage":"open-us-law v2026.08, retrieved 2026-09-14","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T18:32:31Z","sha256":"04daf5e69666c5a567fb48feb8a4cc8133732b1828924eaea535f4cf525047dd","source_id":"us-mi","stale":false,"prev":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-445.2501","next":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-445.2503"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}