{"data":{"id":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-445.963","jurisdiction":"us-mi","citation":"Mich. Comp. Laws § 445.963","heading":"Class action for actual damages; order; appointment of receiver; sequestration of assets; cost of notice; effect of bona fide error; limitations.","body":"Sec. 13.\n\nThe attorney general may bring a class action on behalf of persons residing in or injured in this state for the actual damages caused by a method, act, or practice in trade or commerce which is prohibited by this act.\n\nOn motion of the attorney general and without bond in an action under this section the court may make an appropriate order: to reimburse persons who have suffered damages; to carry out a transaction in accordance with the aggrieved persons' reasonable expectations; to strike or limit the application of unconscionable clauses of contracts to avoid an unconscionable result; or to grant other appropriate relief. The court after a hearing may appoint a receiver or order sequestration of the defendant's assets if it appears to the satisfaction of the court that the defendant threatens or is about to remove, conceal, or dispose of his or her assets to the detriment of members of the class.\n\nIf at any stage of the proceedings the court requires that notice be sent to the class, the attorney general may petition the court to require the defendant to bear the cost of the notice. In determining whether to impose the cost on the defendant or the state, the court shall consider the probability that the attorney general will succeed on the merits of the action.\n\nIf the defendant shows by a preponderance of the evidence that a violation of this act resulted from a bona fide error notwithstanding the maintenance of procedures reasonably adapted to avoid the error, the amount of recovery shall be limited to actual damages.\n\nAn action shall not be brought by the attorney general under this section more than 6 years after the occurrence of the method, act, or practice which is the subject of the action nor more than 1 year after the last payment in a transaction involving the method, act, or practice which is the subject of the action, whichever period of time ends on a later date.","path":["MI Code","Chapter 445","Act Act-424-of-1984"],"source_url":"https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-445-963","current_through":"2026-08-14","vintage":"open-us-law v2026.08, retrieved 2026-09-14","retrieved_at":"2026-09-14T18:32:31Z","sha256":"0f2f3e0e90ba35c5d54a2426c90ec3715760a3dafacc04f0f0f995f7063c817b","source_id":"us-mi","stale":false,"prev":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-445.962","next":"us-mi/mich.-comp.-laws-445.964"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}