{"data":{"id":"us-pa/42-pa.c.s.-5993","jurisdiction":"us-pa","citation":"42 Pa.C.S. § 5993","heading":"Admissibility of certain statements.","body":"(a) General rule.--An out-of-court statement made by an individual with an intellectual disability or autism who is a victim or witness describing any of the offenses enumerated in subsection (b), not otherwise admissible by statute or rule of evidence, is admissible in evidence in any criminal or civil proceeding if:\n(1) the court finds, in an in camera hearing, that the evidence is relevant and that the time, content and circumstances of the statement provide sufficient indicia of reliability; and\n(2) the individual either:\n(i) testifies at the proceeding; or\n(ii) is unavailable as a witness.\n(b) Enumerated offenses.--The following offenses under Title 18 (relating to crimes and offenses) shall apply to subsection (a):\nChapter 25 (relating to criminal homicide).\nChapter 27 (relating to assault).\nChapter 29 (relating to kidnapping).\nChapter 30 (relating to human trafficking).\nChapter 31 (relating to sexual offenses).\nChapter 35 (relating to burglary and other criminal intrusion).\nChapter 37 (relating to robbery).\nSection 4302 (relating to incest).\nSection 4304 (relating to endangering welfare of children) if the offense involved sexual contact with the victim.\nSection 6301(a)(1)(ii) (relating to corruption of minors).\nSection 6312(b) (relating to sexual abuse of children).\nSection 6318 (relating to unlawful contact with minor).\nSection 6320 (relating to sexual exploitation of children).\n(c) Emotional distress.--In order to make a finding under subsection (a)(2)(ii) that the individual is unavailable as a witness, the court must determine, based on evidence presented to it, that testimony by the individual as a witness will result in the individual suffering serious emotional distress that would substantially impact the individual's ability to reasonably communicate.\n(d) Determination by court.--In making a determination under subsection (c), the court may do all of the following:\n(1) Observe and question the individual, either inside or outside the courtroom.\n(2) Hear testimony of a parent or custodian or any other person, such as a person who has dealt with the individual in a medical or therapeutic setting.\n(e) Counsel and confrontation.--If the court hears testimony in connection with making a finding under subsection (c), all of the following apply:\n(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the defendant, the attorney for the defendant and the attorney for the Commonwealth or, in the case of a civil proceeding, the attorney for the plaintiff, have the right to be present.\n(2) If the court observes or questions the individual, the court shall not permit the defendant to be present.\n(f) Notice required.--A statement otherwise admissible under subsection (a) shall not be received into evidence unless the proponent of the statement notifies the adverse party of the proponent's intention to offer the statement and the particulars of the statement sufficiently in advance of the proceeding at which the proponent intends to offer the statement into evidence to provide the adverse party with a fair opportunity to prepare to meet the statement.","path":["Title 42 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE","PART VI ACTIONS, PROCEEDINGS AND OTHER MATTERS GENERALLY","CHAPTER 59 DEPOSITIONS AND WITNESSES","SUBCHAPTER E VICTIMS AND WITNESSES WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES OR AUTISM"],"source_url":"https://www.palegis.us/statutes/consolidated/view-statute?txtType=HTM\u0026ttl=42\u0026div=0\u0026chpt=59\u0026sctn=93\u0026subsctn=0","current_through":"2026-08-03 (Statute Update stamp, 42 Pa.C.S.)","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-09-02T16:33:14Z","sha256":"05ea05d1a8367c5d40557c809fb10700b5dd8b79e049082c97e22492390d8f41","source_id":"us-pa","stale":false,"prev":"us-pa/42-pa.c.s.-5992","next":"us-pa/42-pa.c.s.-6101"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}