{"data":{"id":"us-tx/tex.-business-organizations-code-21.224","jurisdiction":"us-tx","citation":"Tex. Business Organizations Code § 21.224","heading":"PREEMPTION OF LIABILITY.","body":"The liability of a holder, beneficial owner, or subscriber of shares of a corporation, or any affiliate of such a holder, owner, or subscriber or of the corporation, for an obligation that is limited by Section 21.223 is exclusive and preempts any other liability imposed for that obligation under common law or otherwise.\nActs 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.\nAmended by:\nActs 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 84 (S.B. 1442), Sec. 34, eff. September 1, 2009.","path":["BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS CODE","TITLE 2. CORPORATIONS","CHAPTER 21. FOR-PROFIT CORPORATIONS","SUBCHAPTER E. SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS AND RESTRICTIONS"],"source_url":"https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/Docs/BO/htm/BO.21.htm#21.224","current_through":"89th 2nd Called Legislative Session, 2025","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T01:46:58Z","sha256":"788bbfb8c4fe41d89b18885ea029ba3ece61940513d3c1bc179c7bab68ebf699","source_id":"us-tx","stale":false,"prev":"us-tx/tex.-business-organizations-code-21.223","next":"us-tx/tex.-business-organizations-code-21.225"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}