{"data":{"id":"us/14-cfr-440.3","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"14 CFR 440.3","heading":"Definitions.","body":"Except as otherwise provided in this section, any term used in this part and defined in 51 U.S.C. 50901-50923, or in § 401.7 of this chapter shall have the meaning contained therein.\nBodily injury means physical injury, sickness, disease, disability, shock, mental anguish, or mental injury sustained by any person, including death.\nContractors and subcontractors means those entities that are involved at any level, directly or indirectly, in licensed or permitted activities, and includes suppliers of property and services, and the component manufacturers of a launch vehicle, reentry vehicle, or payload.\nCustomer means.\n(1) Any person:\n(i) Who procures launch or reentry services from a licensee or permittee;\n(ii) With rights in the payload (or any part of the payload) to be launched or reentered by the licensee or permittee, including a conditional sale, lease, assignment, or transfer of rights;\n(iii) Who has placed property on board the payload for launch, reentry, or payload services; or\n(iv) To whom the customer has transferred its rights to the launch or reentry services.\n(2) A space flight participant, for the purposes of this part, is not a customer.\nFederal range facility means a U.S. Government-owned installation at which a launch or reentry takes place.\nFinancial responsibility means capable of satisfying a liability obligation as required by 51 U.S.C Subtitle V, chapter 509.\nFirst-tier customer means a customer as defined in this section, and who has a contractual relationship with a license or permit holder to obtain launch or reentry services.\nGovernment personnel means employees of the United States, its agencies, and its contractors and subcontractors, involved in launch or reentry services for an activity authorized by an FAA license or permit. Employees of the United States include members of the Armed Forces of the United States.\nHazardous operations means activities, processes, and procedures that, because of the nature of the equipment, facilities, personnel, environment involved or function being performed, may result in bodily injury or property damage.\nLiability means a legal obligation to pay a claim for bodily injury or property damage resulting from a licensed or permitted activity.\nLicense means an authorization the FAA issues under this subchapter to launch or reenter a launch or reentry vehicle.\nLicensed activity means the launch of a launch vehicle or the reentry of a reentry vehicle conducted under a license the FAA issues.\nMaximum probable loss (MPL) means the greatest dollar amount of loss for bodily injury or property damage that is reasonably expected to result from a licensed or permitted activity;\n(1) Losses to third parties, excluding Government personnel and other launch or reentry participants' employees involved in licensed or permitted activities and neighboring operations personnel, that are reasonably expected to result from a licensed or permitted activity are those that have a probability of occurrence of no less than one in ten million.\n(2) Losses to Government property and Government personnel, excluding government astronauts, involved in licensed or permitted activities and neighboring operations personnel that are reasonably expected to result from licensed or permitted activities are those that have a probability of occurrence of no less than one in one hundred thousand.\nPart 440 customer means a customer as defined in this section, other than a first-tier customer.\nPermit means an authorization the FAA issues under this subchapter for the launch or reentry of a reusable suborbital vehicle.\nPermitted activity means the launch or reentry of a reusable suborbital vehicle conducted under a permit issued by the FAA.\nProperty damage means partial or total destruction, impairment, or loss of tangible property, real or personal.\nRegulations mean the Commercial Space Transportation Licensing Regulations codified at 14 CFR Ch. III.\nThird party means—\n(1) Any person other than:\n(i) The United States, any of its agencies, and its contractors and subcontractors involved in launch or reentry services for a licensed or permitted activity;\n(ii) A licensee, permittee, and its contractors and subcontractors involved in launch or reentry services for a licensed or permitted activity;\n(iii) A customer and its contractors and subcontractors involved in launch or reentry services for a licensed or permitted activity;\n(iv) A member of a crew;\n(v) A space flight participant; and\n(vi) A government astronaut.\n(2) Government personnel, as defined in this section and excluding government astronauts, are third parties.\nUnited States means the United States Government, including each of its agencies.","path":["Title 14—Aeronautics and Space","CHAPTER III—COMMERCIAL SPACE TRANSPORTATION, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION","SUBCHAPTER C—LICENSING","PART 440—FINANCIAL RESPONSIBILITY","Subpart A—Financial Responsibility for Licensed and Permitted Activities"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-14.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:24:20Z","sha256":"346198ea9f9c4a18d8f835ecc69a6cd18da4b0477ae16a8fec8062a5198f92d6","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/14-cfr-440.1","next":"us/14-cfr-440.5"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}