{"data":{"id":"us/21-cfr-172.515","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"21 CFR 172.515","heading":"Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants.","body":"Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions.\n(a) They are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice.\n(b) They consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part.\nAcetal; acetaldehyde diethyl acetal.\nAcetaldehyde phenethyl propyl acetal.\nAcetanisole; 4′-methoxyacetophenone.\nAcetophenone; methyl phenyl ketone.\nAllyl anthranilate.\nAllyl butyrate.\nAllyl cinnamate.\nAllyl cyclohexaneacetate.\nAllyl cyclohexanebutyrate.\nAllyl cyclohexanehexanoate.\nAllyl cyclohexaneproprionate.\nAllyl cyclohexanevalerate.\nAllyl disulfide.\nAllyl 2-ethylbutyrate.\nAllyl hexanoate; allyl caproate.\nAllyl α-ionone; 1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclo-hexene-1-yl)-1,6-heptadiene-3-one.\nAllyl isothiocyanate; mustard oil.\nAllyl isovalerate.\nAllyl mercaptan; 2-propene-1-thiol.\nAllyl nonanoate.\nAllyl octanoate.\nAllyl phenoxyacetate.\nAllyl phenylacetate.\nAllyl propionate.\nAllyl sorbate; allyl 2,4-hexadienoate.\nAllyl sulfide.\nAllyl tiglate; allyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate.\nAllyl 10-undecenoate.\nAmmonium isovalerate.\nAmmonium sulfide.\nAmyl alcohol; pentyl alcohol.\nAmyl butyrate.\nα-Amylcinnamaldehyde.\nα-Amylcinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal.\nα-Amylcinnamyl acetate.\nα-Amylcinnamyl alcohol.\nα-Amylcinnamyl formate.\nα-Amylcinnamyl isovalerate.\nAmyl formate.\nAmyl heptanoate.\nAmyl hexanoate.\nAmyl octanoate.\nAnisole; methoxybenzene.\nAnisyl acetate.\nAnisyl alcohol; p-methoxybenzyl alcohol.\nAnisyl butyrate\nAnisyl formate.\nAnisyl phenylacetate.\nAnisyl propionate.\nBeechwood creosote.\nBenzaldehyde dimethyl acetal.\nBenzaldehyde glyceryl acetal; 2-phenyl-m-dioxan-5-ol.\nBenzaldehyde propylene glycol acetal; 4-methyl-2-phenyl-m-dioxolane.\nBenzenethiol; thiophenol.\nBenzoin; 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone.\nBenzyl acetate.\nBenzyl acetoacetate.\nBenzyl alcohol.\nBenzyl benzoate.\nBenzyl butyl ether.\nBenzyl butyrate.\nBenzyl cinnamate.\nBenzyl 2,3-dimethylcrotonate; benzyl methyl tiglate.\nBenzyl disulfide; dibenzyl disulfide.\nBenzyl ethyl ether.\nBenzyl formate.\n3-Benzyl-4-heptanone; benzyl dipropyl ketone.\nBenzyl isobutyrate.\nBenzyl isovalerate.\nBenzyl mercaptan; α-toluenethiol.\nBenzyl methoxyethyl acetal; acetaldehyde benzyl β-methoxyethyl acetal.\nBenzyl phenylacetate.\nBenzyl propionate.\nBenzyl salicylate.\nBirch tar oil.\nBorneol; d-camphanol.\nBornyl acetate.\nBornyl formate.\nBornyl isovalerate.\nBornyl valerate.\nβ-Bourbonene; 1,2,3,3a,3bβ,4,5,6,6aβ,6bα-deca-hydro-lα-isopropyl-3aa-methyl-6-methylene-cyclobuta [1,2:3,4] dicyclopentene.\n2-Butanol.\n2-Butanone; methyl ethyl ketone.\nButter acids.\nButter esters.\nButyl acetate.\nButyl acetoacetate.\nButyl alcohol; 1-butanol.\nButyl anthranilate.\nButyl butyrate.\nButyl butyryllactate; lactic acid, butyl ester, butyrate.\nα-Butylcinnamaldehyde.\nButyl cinnamate.\nButyl 2-decenoate.\nButyl ethyl malonate.\nButyl formate.\nButyl heptanoate.\nButyl hexanoate.\nButyl p-hydroxybenzoate.\nButyl isobutyrate.\nButyl isovalerate.\nButyl lactate.\nButyl laurate.\nButyl levulinate.\nButyl phenylacetate.\nButyl propionate.\nButyl stearate.\nButyl sulfide.\nButyl 10-undecenoate.\nButyl valerate.\nButyraldehyde.\nCadinene.\nCamphene; 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenenorbornane.\nd-Camphor.\nCarvacrol; 2-p-cymenol.\nCarvacryl ethyl ether; 2-ethoxy-p-cymene.\nCarveol; p-mentha-6,8-dien-2-ol.\n4-Carvomenthenol; 1-p-menthen-4-ol; 4-terpinenol.\ncis Carvone oxide; 1,6-epoxy-p-menth-8-en-2-one.\nCarvyl acetate.\nCarvyl propionate.\nβ-Caryophyllene.\nCaryophyllene alcohol.\nCaryophyllene alcohol acetate.\nβ-Caryophyllene oxide; 4-12,12-trimethyl-9-methylene-5-oxatricylo [8.2.0.0 4 6] dodecane.\nCedarwood oil alcohols.\nCedarwood oil terpenes.\n1,4-Cineole.\nCinnamaldehyde ethylene glycol acetal.\nCinnamic acid.\nCinnamyl acetate.\nCinnamyl alcohol; 3-phenyl-2-propen-1-ol.\nCinnamyl benzoate.\nCinnamyl butyrate.\nCinnamyl cinnamate.\nCinnamyl formate.\nCinnamyl isobutyrate.\nCinnamyl isovalerate.\nCinnamyl phenylacetate.\nCinnamyl propionate.\nCitral diethyl acetal; 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal diethyl acetal.\nCitral dimethyl acetal; 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal dimethyl acetal.\nCitral propylene glycol acetal.\nCitronellal; 3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal; rhodinal.\nCitronellol; 3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol; d-citronellol.\nCitronelloxyacetaldehyde.\nCitronellyl acetate.\nCitronellyl butyrate.\nCitronellyl formate.\nCitronellyl isobutyrate.\nCitronellyl phenylacetate.\nCitronellyl propionate.\nCitronellyl valerate.\np-Cresol.\nCuminaldehyde; cuminal; p-isopropyl benzaldehyde.\nCyclohexaneacetic acid.\nCyclohexaneethyl acetate.\nCyclohexyl acetate.\nCyclohexyl anthranilate.\nCyclohexyl butyrate.\nCyclohexyl cinnamate.\nCyclohexyl formate.\nCyclohexyl isovalerate.\nCyclohexyl propionate.\np-Cymene.\nγ-Decalactone; 4-hydroxy-decanoic acid, γ-lactone.\nγ-Decalactone; 5-hydroxy-decanoic acid, δ-lactone.\nDecanal dimethyl acetal.\n1-Decanol; decylic alcohol.\n2-Decenal.\n3-Decen-2-one; heptylidene acetone.\nDecyl actate.\nDecyl butyrate.\nDecyl propionate.\nDibenzyl ether.\n4,4-Dibutyl-γ-butyrolactone; 4,4-dibutyl-4-hydroxy-butyric acid, γ-lactone.\nDibutyl sebacate.\nDiethyl malate.\nDiethyl malonate; ethyl malonate.\nDiethyl sebacate.\nDiethyl succinate.\nDiethyl tartrate.\n2,5-Diethyltetrahydrofuran.\nDihydrocarveol; 8-p-menthen-2-ol; 6-methyl-3-isopropenylcyclohexanol.\nDihydrocarvone.\nDihydrocarvyl acetate.\nm-Dimethoxybenzene.\np-Dimethoxybenzene; dimethyl hydroquinone.\n2,4-Dimethylacetophenone.\nα,α-Dimethylbenzyl isobutyrate; phenyldimethylcarbinyl isobutyrate.\n2,6-Dimethyl-5-heptenal.\n2,6-Dimethyl octanal; isodecylaldehyde.\n3,7-Dimethyl-1-octanol; tetrahydrogeraniol.\nα,α-Dimethylphenethyl acetate; benzylpropyl acetate; benzyldimethylcarbinyl acetate.\nα,α-Dimethylphenethyl alcohol; dimethylbenzyl carbinol.\nα,α-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate; benzyldimethylcarbinyl butyrate.\nα,α-Dimethylphenethyl formate; benzyldimethylcarbinyl formate.\nDimethyl succinate.\n1,3-Diphenyl-2-propanone; dibenzyl ketone.\ndelta-Dodecalactone; 5-hydroxydodecanoic acid, deltalactone.\nγ-Dodecalactone; 4-hydroxydodecanoic acid γ-lactone.\n2-Dodecenal.\nEstragole.\nρ-Ethoxybenzaldehyde.\nEthyl acetoacetate.\nEthyl 2-acetyl-3-phenylpropionate; ethylbenzyl acetoacetate.\nEthyl aconitate, mixed esters.\nEthyl ρ-anisate.\nEthyl anthranilate.\nEthyl benzoate.\nEthyl benzoylacetate.\nα-Ethylbenzyl butyrate; α-phenylpropyl butyrate.\nEthyl brassylate; tridecanedioic acid cyclic ethylene glycol diester; cyclo 1,13-ethyl-enedioxytridecan-1,13-dione.\n2-Ethylbutyl acetate.\n2-Ethylbutyraldehyde.\n2-Ethylbutyric acid.\nEthyl cinnamate.\nEthyl crotonate; trans-2-butenoic acid ethylester.\nEthyl cyclohexanepropionate.\nEthyl decanoate.\n2-Ethylfuran.\nEthyl 2-furanpropionate.\n4-Ethylguaiacol; 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol.\nEthyl heptanoate.\n2-Ethyl-2-heptenal; 2-ethyl-3-butylacrolein.\nEthyl hexanoate.\nEthyl isobutyrate.\nEthyl isovalerate.\nEthyl lactate.\nEthyl laurate.\nEthyl levulinate.\nEthyl maltol; 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one.\nEthyl 2-methylbutyrate.\nEthyl myristate.\nEthyl nitrite.\nEthyl nonanoate.\nEthyl 2-nonynoate; ethyl octyne carbonate.\nEthyl octanoate.\nEthyl oleate.\nEthyl phenylacetate.\nEthyl 4-phenylbutyrate.\nEthyl 3-phenylglycidate.\nEthyl 3-phenylpropionate; ethyl hydrocinnamate.\nEthyl propionate.\nEthyl pyruvate.\nEthyl salicylate.\nEthyl sorbate; ethyl 2,4-hexadienoate.\nEthyl tiglate; ethyl trans-2-methyl-2-butenoate.\nEthyl undecanoate.\nEthyl 10-undecenoate.\nEthyl valerate.\nEucalyptol; 1,8-epoxy-p-menthane; cineole.\nEugenyl acetate.\nEugenyl benzoate.\nEugenyl formate.\nFarnesol; 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol.\nd-Fenchone; d-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-norbornanone.\nFenchyl alcohol; 1,3,3-trimethyl-2-norbornanol.\nFormic acid\n(2-Furyl)-2-propanone; furyl acetone.\n1-Furyl-2-propanone; furyl acetone.\nFusel oil, refined (mixed amyl alcohols).\nGeranyl acetoacetate; trans-3,7-dimethyl-2, 6-octadien-1-yl acetoacetate.\nGeranyl acetone; 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one.\nGeranyl benzoate.\nGeranyl butyrate.\nGeranyl formate.\nGeranyl hexanoate\nGeranyl isobutyrate.\nGeranyl isovalerate.\nGeranyl phenylacetate.\nGeranyl propionate.\nGlucose pentaacetate.\nGuaiacol; μ-methoxyphenol.\nGuaiacyl acetate; μ-methoxyphenyl acetate.\nGuaiacyl phenylacetate.\nGuaiene; 1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropenyl-Δ9,10-octahydroazulene.\nGuaiol acetate; 1,4-dimethyl-7-(α-hydroxy-isopropyl)-δ9,10-octahydroazulene acetate.\nγ-Heptalactone; 4-hydroxyheptanoic acid, γ-lactone.\nHeptanal; enanthaldehyde.\nHeptanal dimethyl acetal.\nHeptanal 1,2-glyceryl acetal.\n2,3-Heptanedione; acetyl valeryl.\n3-Heptanol.\n2-Heptanone; methyl amyl ketone.\n3-Heptanone; ethyl butyl ketone.\n4-Heptanone; dipropyl ketone.\ncis-4-Heptenal; cis-4-hepten-1-al.\nHeptyl acetate.\nHeptyl alcohol; enanthic alcohol.\nHeptyl butyrate.\nHeptyl cinnamate.\nHeptyl formate.\nHeptyl isobutyrate.\nHeptyl octanoate.\n1-Hexadecanol; cetyl alcohol.\nω-6-Hexadecenlactone; 16-hydroxy-6-hexadecenoic acid, ω-lactone; ambrettolide.\nγ-Hexalactone; 4-hydroxyhexanoic acid, γ-lactone; tonkalide.\nHexanal; caproic aldehyde.\n2,3-Hexanedione; acetyl butyryl.\nHexanoic acid; caproic acid.\n2-Hexenal.\n2-Hexen-1-ol.\n3-Hexen-1-ol; leaf alcohol.\n2-Hexen-1-yl acetate.\n3-Hexenyl isovalerate.\n3-Hexenyl 2-methylbutyrate.\n3-Hexenyl phenylacetate; cis-3-hexenyl phenylacetate.\nHexyl acetate.\n2-Hexyl-4-acetoxytetrahydrofuran.\nHexyl alcohol.\nHexyl butyrate.\nα-Hexylcinnamaldehyde.\nHexyl formate.\nHexyl hexanoate.\n2-Hexylidene cyclopentanone.\nHexyl isovalerate.\nHexyl 2-methylbutyrate.\nHexyl octanoate.\nHexyl phenylacetate; n-hexyl phenylacetate.\nHexyl propionate.\nHydroxycitronellal; 3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-octanal.\nHydroxycitronellal diethyl acetal.\nHydroxycitronellal dimethyl acetal.\nHydroxycitronellol; 3,7-dimethyl-1,7-octanediol.\nN-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-nonanamide; pelargonyl vanillylamide.\n5-Hydroxy-4-octanone; butyroin.\n4-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone; p-hydroxybenzyl acetone.\nIndole.\nα-Ionone; 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one.\nβ-Ionone; 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one.\nα-Irone; 4-(2,5,6,6-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one; 6-methylionone.\nIsoamyl acetate.\nIsoamyl acetoacetate.\nIsoamyl alcohol; isopentyl alcohol; 3-methyl-1-butanol.\nIsoamyl benzoate.\nIsoamyl butyrate.\nIsoamyl cinnamate.\nIsoamyl formate.\nIsoamyl 2-furanbutyrate; α-isoamyl furfurylpropionate.\nIsoamyl 2-furanpropionate; α-isoamyl furfurylacetate.\nIsoamyl hexanoate.\nIsoamyl isobutyrate.\nIsoamyl isovalerate.\nIsoamyl laurate.\nIsoamyl-2-methylbutyrate; isopentyl-2-methylbutyrate.\nIsoamyl nonanoate.\nIsoamyl octanoate.\nIsoamyl phenylacetate.\nIsoamyl propionate.\nIsoamyl pyruvate.\nIsoamyl salicylate.\nIsoborneol.\nIsobornyl acetate.\nIsobornyl formate.\nIsobornyl isovalerate.\nIsobornyl propionate.\nIsobutyl acetate.\nIsobutyl acetoacetate.\nIsobutyl alcohol.\nIsobutyl angelate; isobutyl cis-2-methyl-2-butenoate.\nIsobutyl anthranilate.\nIsobutyl benzoate.\nIsobutyl butyrate.\nIsobutyl cinnamate.\nIsobutyl formate.\nIsobutyl 2-furanpropionate.\nIsobutyl heptanoate.\nIsobutyl hexanoate.\nIsobutyl isobutyrate.\nα-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol; isobutyl benzyl carbinol; 4-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanol.\nIsobutyl phenylacetate.\nIsobutyl propionate.\nIsobutyl salicylate.\n2-Isobutylthiazole.\nIsobutyraldehyde.\nIsobutyric acid.\nIsoeugenol; 2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol.\nIsoeugenyl acetate.\nIsoeugenyl benzyl ether; benzyl isoeugenol.\nIsoeugenyl ethyl ether; 2-ethoxy-5-propenyl-anisole; ethyl isoeugenol.\nIsoeugenyl formate.\nIsoeugenyl methyl ether; 4-propenylveratrole; methyl isoeugenol.\nIsoeugenyl phenylacetate.\nIsojasmone; mixture of 2-hexylidenecyclopentanone and 2-hexyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one.\nα-Isomethylionone; 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-3-buten-2-one; methyl γ-ionone.\nIsopropyl acetate.\nρ-Isopropylacetophenone.\nIsopropyl alcohol; isopropanol.\nIsopropyl benzoate.\nρ-Isopropylbenzyl alcohol; cuminic alcohol; ρ-cymen-7-ol.\nIsopropyl butyrate.\nIsopropyl cinnamate.\nIsopropyl formate.\nIsopropyl hexanoate.\nIsopropyl isobutyrate.\nIsopropyl isovalerate.\nρ-Isopropylphenylacetaldehyde; ρ-cymen-7-carboxaldehyde.\nIsopropyl phenylacetate.\n3-(ρ-Isopropylphenyl)-propionaldehyde; ρ-isopropylhydrocinnamaldehyde; cuminyl acetaldehyde.\nIsopropyl propionate.\nIsopulegol; p-menth-8-en-3-ol.\nIsopulegone; p-menth-8-en-3-one.\nIsopulegyl acetate.\nIsoquinoline.\nIsovaleric acid.\ncis-Jasmone; 3-methyl-2-(2-pentenyl)-2-cyclopenten-1-one.\nLauric aldehyde; dodecanal.\nLauryl acetate.\nLauryl alcohol; 1-dodecanol.\nLepidine; 4-methylquinoline.\nLevulinic acid.\nLinalool oxide; cis- and trans-2-vinyl-2-methyl-5-(1′-hydroxy-1′-methylethyl) tetrahydrofuran.\nLinalyl anthranilate; 3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl anthranilate.\nLinalyl benzoate.\nLinalyl butyrate.\nLinalyl cinnamate.\nLinalyl formate.\nLinalyl hexanoate.\nLinalyl isobutyrate.\nLinalyl isovalerate.\nLinalyl octanoate.\nLinalyl propionate.\nMaltol; 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one.\nMenthadienol; p-mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-ol.\np-Mentha-1,8-dien-7-ol; perillyl alcohol.\nMenthadienyl acetate; p-mentha-1,8(10)-dien-9-yl acetate.\np-Menth-3-en-1-ol.\n1-p-Menthen--9-yl acetate; p-menth-1-en-9-yl acetate.\nMenthol; 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol.\nMenthone; p-menthan-3-one.\nMenthyl acetate; p-menth-3-yl acetate.\nMenthyl isovalerate; p-menth-3-yl isovalerate.\no-Methoxybenzaldehyde.\np-Methoxybenzaldehyde; p-anisaldehyde.\no-Methoxycinnamaldehyde.\n2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol; 4-methylguaiacol; 2-methoxy-p-cresol.\n4-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone; anisyl acetone.\n1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1-penten-3-one; methoxystyryl isopropyl ketone.\n1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one; α-methylanisylidene acetone; ethone.\n1-(p-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone; anisylmethyl ketone; anisic ketone.\n2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol; p-vinylguaiacol.\nMethyl acetate.\n4′-Methylacetophenone; p-methylacetophenone; methyl p-tolyl ketone.\n2-Methylallyl butyrate; 2-methyl-2-propenl-yl butyrate.\nMethyl anisate.\no-Methylanisole; o-cresyl methyl ether.\np-Methylanisole; p-cresyl methyl ether; p-methoxytoluene.\nMethyl benzoate.\nMethylbenzyl acetate, mixed o-,m-,p-.\nα-Methylbenzyl acetate; styralyl acetate.\nα-Methylbenzyl alcohol; styralyl alcohol.\nα-Methylbenzyl butyrate; styralyl butyrate.\nα-Methylbenzyl isobutyrate; styralyl isobutyrate.\nα-Methylbenzyl formate; styralyl formate.\nα-Methylbenzyl propionate; styralyl propionate.\n2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ol.\n2-Methylbutyl isovalerate.\nMethyl p-tert-butylphenylacetate.\n2-Methylbutyraldehyde; methyl ethyl acetaldehyde.\n3-Methylbutyraldehyde; isovaleraldehyde.\nMethyl butyrate.\n2-Methylbutyric acid.\nα-Methylcinnamaldehyde.\np-Methylcinnamaldehyde.\nMethyl cinnamate.\n2-Methyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene.\nMethylcyclopentenolone; 3-methylcyclopentane-1,2-dione.\nMethyl disulfide; dimethyl disulfide.\nMethyl ester of rosin, partially hydrogenated (as defined in § 172.615); methyl dihydroabietate.\nMethyl heptanoate.\n2-Methylheptanoic acid.\n6-Methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one.\nMethyl-5-hepten-2-ol.\n6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one.\nMethyl hexanoate.\nMethyl 2-hexanoate.\nMethyl p-hydroxybenzoate; methylparaben.\nMethyl α-ionone; 5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3-one.\nMethyl β-ionone; 5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-4-penten-3-one.\nMethyl Δ-ionone; 5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl-)-4-penten-3-one.\nMethyl isobutyrate.\n2-Methyl-3-(p-isopropylphenyl)-propionalde-hyde; α-methyl-p-isopropylhydro- cinnamal- dehyde; cyclamen aldehyde.\nMethyl isovalerate.\nMethyl laurate.\nMethyl mercaptan; methanethiol.\nMethyl o-methoxybenzoate.\nMethyl N-methylanthranilate; dimethyl anthranilate.\nMethyl 2-methylbutyrate.\nMethyl-3-methylthiopropionate.\nMethyl 4-methylvalerate.\nMethyl myristate.\nMethyl β-naphthyl ketone; 2′-acetonaphthone.\nMethyl nonanoate.\nMethyl 2-nonenoate.\nMethyl 2-nonynoate; methyloctyne carbonate.\n2-Methyloctanal; methyl hexyl acetaldehyde.\nMethyl octanoate.\nMethyl 2-octynoate; methyl heptine carbonate.\n4-Methyl-2,3-pentanedione; acetyl isobutyryl.\n4-Methyl-2-pentanone; methyl isobutyl ketone.\nβ-Methylphenethyl alcohol; hydratropyl alcohol.\nMethyl phenylacetate.\n3-Methyl-4-phenyl-3-butene-2-one.\n2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl acetate; dimethylphenylethyl carbinyl acetate.\n2-Methyl-4-phenyl-2-butyl isobutyrate; dimethylphenyl ethylcarbinyl isobutyrate.\n3-Methyl-2-phenylbutyraldehyde; α-isopropyl phenylacetaldehyde.\nMethyl 4-phenylbutyrate.\n4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanone; benzyl isobutyl ketone.\nMethyl 3-phenylpropionate; methyl hydrocinnamate.\nMethyl propionate.\n3-Methyl-5-propyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one.\nMethyl sulfide.\n3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde; methional.\n2-Methyl-3-tolylpropionaldehyde, mixed o-, m-, p-.\n2-Methylundecanal; methyl nonyl acetaldehyde.\nMethyl 9-undecenoate.\nMethyl 2-undecynoate; methyl decyne carbonate.\nMethyl valerate.\n2-Methylvaleric acid.\nMyristaldehyde; tetradecanal.\nd-Neomenthol; 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol.\nNerol; cis-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol.\nNerolidol; 3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol.\nNeryl acetate.\nNeryl butyrate.\nNeryl formate.\nNeryl isobutyrate.\nNeryl isovalerate.\nNeryl propionate.\n2,6-Nonadien-1-ol.\nγ-Nonalactone; 4-hydroxynonanoic acid, γ-lactone; aldehyde C-18.\nNonanal; pelargonic aldehyde.\n1,3-Nonanediol acetate, mixed esters.\nNonanoic acid; pelargonic acid.\n2-Nonanone; methylheptyl ketone.\n3-Nonanon-1-yl acetate; 1-hydroxy-3-nonanone acetate.\nNonyl acetate.\nNonyl alcohol; 1-nonanol.\nNonyl octanoate.\nNonyl isovalerate.\nNootkatone; 5,6-dimethyl-8-isopropenyl-bicyclo[4,4,0]-dec-1-en-3-one.\nOcimene; trans-β-ocimene; 3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene.\nγ-Octalactone; 4-hydroxyoctanoic acid, γ-lactone.\nOctanal; caprylaldehyde.\nOctanal dimethyl acetal.\n1-Octanol; octyl alcohol.\n2-Octanol.\n3-Octanol.\n2-Octanone; methyl hexyl ketone.\n3-Octanone; ethyl amyl ketone.\n3-Octanon-1-ol.\n1-Octen-3-ol; amyl vinyl carbinol.\n1-Octen-3-yl acetate.\nOctyl acetate.\n3-Octyl acetate.\nOctyl butyrate.\nOctyl formate.\nOctyl heptanoate.\nOctyl isobutyrate.\nOctyl isovalerate.\nOctyl octanoate.\nOctyl phenylacetate.\nOctyl propionate.\nω-Pentadecalactone; 15-hydroxypentadeca-noic acid, ω-lactone; pentadecanolide; angelica lactone.\n2,3-Pentanedione; acetyl propionyl.\n2-Pentanone; methyl propyl ketone.\n4-Pentenoic acid.\n1-Penten-3-ol.\nPerillaldehyde; 4-isopropenyl-1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde;p-mentha-1,8-dien-7-al.\nPerillyl acetate; p-mentha-1,8-dien-7-yl acetate.\nα-Phellandrene; ρ-mentha-1,5-diene.\nPhenethyl acetate.\nPhenethyl alcohol; β-phenylethyl alcohol.\nPhenethyl anthranilate.\nPhenethyl benzoate.\nPhenethyl butyrate.\nPhenethyl cinnamate.\nPhenethyl formate.\nPhenethyl isobutyrate.\nPhenethyl isovalerate.\nPhenethyl 2-methylbutyrate.\nPhenethyl phenylacetate.\nPhenethyl propionate.\nPhenethyl salicylate.\nPhenethyl senecioate; phenethyl 3,3-dimethylacrylate.\nPhenethyl tiglate.\nPhenoxyacetic acid.\n2-Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate.\nPhenylacetaldehyde; α-toluic aldehyde.\nPhenylacetaldehyde 2,3-butylene glycol acetal.\nPhenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal.\nPhenylacetaldehyde glyceryl acetal.\nPhenylacetic acid; α-toluic acid.\n4-Phenyl-2-butanol; phenylethyl methyl carbinol.\n4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-ol; methyl styryl carbinol.\n4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one.\n4-Phenyl-2-butyl acetate; phenylethyl methyl carbinyl acetate.\n1-Phenyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol; phenylethyl methyl ethyl carbinol.\n1-Phenyl-1-propanol; phenylethyl carbinol.\n3-Phenyl-1-propanol; hydrocinnamyl alcohol.\n2-Phenylpropionaldehyde; hydratropalde-hyde.\n3-Phenylpropionaldehyde; hydrocinnamaldehyde.\n2-Phenylpropionalde-hyde dimethyl acetal; hydratropic aldehyde dimethyl acetal.\n3-Phenylpropionic acid; hydrocinnamic acid.\n3-Phenylpropyl acetate.\n2-Phenylpropyl butyrate.\n3-Phenylpropyl cinnamate.\n3-Phenylpropyl formate.\n3-Phenylpropyl hexanoate.\n2-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate.\n3-Phenylpropyl isobutyrate.\n3-Phenylpropyl isovalerate.\n3-Phenylpropyl propionate.\n2-(3-Phenylpropyl)-tetrahydrofuran.\nα-Pinene; 2-pinene.\nβ-Pinene; 2(10)-pinene.\nPine tar oil.\nPinocarveol; 2(10)-pinen-3-ol.\nPiperidine.\nPiperine.\nd-Piperitone; p-menth-1-en-3-one.\nPiperitenone; p-mentha-1,4(8)-dien-3-one.\nPiperitenone oxide; 1,2-epoxy-p-menth-4-(8)-en-3-one.\nPiperonyl acetate; heliotropyl acetate.\nPiperonyl isobutyrate.\nPolylimonene.\nPolysorbate 20; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate.\nPolysorbate 60; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostereate.\nPolysorbate 80; polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate.\nPotassium acetate.\nPropenylguaethol; 6-ethoxy-m-anol.\nPropionaldehyde.\nPropyl acetate.\nPropyl alcohol; 1-propanol.\np-Propyl anisole; dihydroanethole.\nPropyl benzoate.\nPropyl butyrate.\nPropyl cinnamate.\nPropyl disulfide.\nPropyl formate.\nPropyl 2-furanacrylate.\nPropyl heptanoate.\nPropyl hexanoate.\nPropyl p-hydroxybenzoate; propylparaben.\n3-Propylidenephthalide.\nPropyl isobutyrate.\nPropyl isovalerate.\nPropyl mercaptan.\nα-Propylphenethyl alcohol.\nPropyl phenylacetate.\nPropyl propionate.\nPyroligneous acid extract.\nPyruvaldehyde.\nPyruvic acid.\nRhodinol; 3,7-dimethyl-7-octen-1-ol; l-citronellol.\nRhodinyl acetate.\nRhodinyl butyrate.\nRhodinyl formate.\nRhodinyl isobutyrate.\nRhodinyl isovalerate.\nRhodinyl phenylacetate.\nRhodinyl propionate.\nRum ether; ethyl oxyhydrate.\nSalicylaldehyde.\nSantalol, α and β.\nSantalyl acetate.\nSantalyl phenylacetate.\nSkatole.\nSorbitan monostearate.\nSucrose octaacetate.\nα-Terpinene.\nγ-Terpinene.\nα-Terpineol; p-menth-1-en-8-ol.\nβ-Terpineol.\nTerpinolene; p-menth-1,4(8)-diene.\nTerpinyl acetate.\nTerpinyl anthranilate.\nTerpinyl butyrate.\nTerpinyl cinnamate.\nTerpinyl formate.\nTerpinyl isobutyrate.\nTerpinyl isovalerate.\nTerpinyl propionate.\nTetrahydrofurfuryl acetate.\nTetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol.\nTetrahydrofurfuryl butyrate.\nTetrahydrofurfuryl propionate.\nTetrahydro-pseudo-ionone; 6,10-dimethyl-9-undecen-2-one.\nTetrahydrolinalool; 3,7-dimethyloctan-3-ol.\nTetramethyl ethylcyclohexenone; mixture of 5-ethyl-2,3,4,5-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one and 5-ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetramethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one.\n2-Thienyl mercaptan; 2-thienylthiol.\nThymol.\nTolualdehyde glyceryl acetal, mixed o, m, p.\nTolualdehydes, mixed o, m, p.\np-Tolylacetaldehyde.\no-Tolyl acetate; o-cresyl acetate.\np-Tolyl acetate; p-cresyl acetate.\n4-(p-Tolyl)-2-butanone; p-methylbenzylacetone.\np-Tolyl isobutyrate.\np-Tolyl laurate.\np-Tolyl phenylacetate.\n2-(p-Tolyl)-propionaldehyde; p-methylhydratropic aldehyde.\nTributyl acetylcitrate.\n2-Tridecenal.\n2,3-Undecadione; acetyl nonyryl.\nγ-Undecalactone; 4-hydroxyundecanoic acid γ-lactone; peach aldehyde; aldehyde C-14.\nUndecenal.\n2-Undecanone; methyl nonyl ketone.\n9-Undecenal; undecenoic aldehyde.\n10-Undecenal.\nUndecen-1-ol; undecylenic alcohol.\n10-Undecen-1-yl acetate.\nUndecyl alcohol.\nValeraldehyde; pentanal.\nValeric acid; pentanoic acid.\nVanillin acetate; acetyl vanillin.\nVeratraldehyde.\nVerbenol; 2-pinen-4-ol.\nZingerone; 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone.\n(c) Δ-Decalactone and Δ-dodecalactone when used separately or in combination in oleomargarine are used at levels not to exceed 10 parts per million and 20 parts per million, respectively, in accordance with § 166.110 of this chapter.\n(d) BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) may be used as an antioxidant in flavoring substances whereby the additive does not exceed 0.5 percent of the essential (volatile) oil content of the flavoring substance.","path":["Title 21—Food and Drugs","CHAPTER I—FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES","SUBCHAPTER B—FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION","PART 172—FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION","Subpart F—Flavoring Agents and Related Substances"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-21.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:24:47Z","sha256":"80037916c199ae089d80acd1ef11cdb1bda43f0c9cab2d21f1db0aa954b7c2b0","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/21-cfr-172.510","next":"us/21-cfr-172.520"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}