{"data":{"id":"us/21-cfr-176.210","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"21 CFR 176.210","heading":"Defoaming agents used in the manufacture of paper and paperboard.","body":"Defoaming agents may be safely used in the manufacture of paper and paperboard intended for use in packaging, transporting, or holding food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:\n(a) The defoaming agents are prepared from one or more of the substances named in paragraph (d) of this section, subject to any prescribed limitations.\n(b) The defoaming agents are used to prevent or control the formation of foam during the manufacture of paper and paperboard prior to and during the sheet-forming process.\n(c) The quantity of defoaming agent or agents added during the manufacturing process shall not exceed the amount necessary to accomplish the intended technical effect.\n(d) Substances permitted to be used in the formulation of defoaming agents include substances subject to prior sanctions or approval for such use and employed subject to the conditions of such sanctions or approvals, substances generally recognized as safe for use in food, substances generally recognized as safe for use in paper and paperboard, and substances listed in this paragraph, subject to the limitations, if any, prescribed.\n(1) Fatty triglycerides, and the fatty acids, alcohols, and dimers derived therefrom:\nBeef tallow.\nCastor oil.\nCoconut oil.\nCorn oil.\nCottonseed oil.\nFish oil.\nLard oil.\nLinseed oil.\nMustardseed oil.\nPalm oil.\nPeanut oil.\nRapeseed oil.\nRicebran oil.\nSoybean oil.\nSperm oil.\nTall oil.\n(2) Fatty triglycerides, and marine oils, and the fatty acids and alcohols derived therefrom (paragraph (d)(1) of this section) reacted with one or more of the following, with or without dehydration, to form chemicals of the category indicated in parentheses:\nAluminum hydroxide (soaps).\nAmmonia (amides).\nButanol (esters).\nButoxy-polyoxypropylene, molecular weight 1,000-2,500 (esters).\nButylene glycol (esters).\nCalcium hydroxide (soaps).\nDiethanolamine (amides).\nDiethylene glycol (esters).\nEthylene glycol (esters).\nEthylene oxide (esters and ethers).\nGlycerin (mono- and diglycerides).\nHydrogen (hydrogenated compounds).\nHydrogen (amines).\nIsobutanol (esters).\nIsopropanol (esters).\nMagnesium hydroxide (soaps).\nMethanol (esters).\nMorpholine (soaps).\nOxygen (air-blown oils).\nPentaerythritol (esters).\nPolyoxyethylene, molecular weights 200, 300, 400, 600, 700, 1,000, 1,540, 1,580, 1,760, 4,600 (esters).\nPolyoxypropylene, molecular weight 200-2,000 (esters).\nPotassium hydroxide (soaps).\nPropanol (esters).\nPropylene glycol (esters).\nPropylene oxide (esters).\nSodium hydroxide (soaps).\nSorbitol (esters).\nSulfuric acid (sulfated and sulfonated compounds).\nTriethanolamine (amides and soaps).\nTriisopropanolamine (amides and soaps).\nTrimethylolethane (esters).\nZinc hydroxide (soaps).\n(3) Miscellaneous:\nAlcohols and ketone alcohols mixture (still-bottom product from C12-C18 alcohol manufacturing process).\nAmyl alcohol.\nButoxy polyethylene polypropylene glycol molecular weight 900-4,200.\nButoxy-polyoxypropylene molecular weight 1,000-2,500.\nButylated hydroxyanisole.\nButylated hydroxytoluene.\nCalcium lignin sulfonate.\nCapryl alcohol.\np-Chlorometacresol.\nCyclohexanol.\nDiacetyltartaric acid ester of tallow mono-glyceride.\n1,2-Dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane (CAS Reg. No. 35691-65-7), for use as a preservative at a level not to exceed 0.05 weight-percent of the defoaming agent.\nDiethanolamine.\nDiethylene triamine.\nDi-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate.\n2,6-Dimethyl heptanol-4 (nonyl alcohol).\nDimethylpolysiloxane.\nDi-tert-butyl hydroquinone.\nDodecylbenzene sulfonic acids.\nEthanol.\n2-Ethylhexanol.\nEthylenediamine tetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt.\nFormaldehyde.\nHeavy oxo-fraction (a still-bottom product of iso-octyl alcohol manufacture, of approximate composition: Octyl alcohol 5 percent nonyl alcohol 10 percent, decyl and higher alcohols 35 percent, esters 45 percent, and soaps 5 percent).\n2-Heptadecenyl-4-methyl-4-hydroxymethyl-2-oxazoline.\nHexylene glycol (2-methyl-2-4-pentanediol).\n12-Hydroxystearic acid.\nIsobutanol.\nIsopropanol.\nIsopropylamine salt of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid.\nKerosine.\nLanolin.\nMethanol.\nMethyl 12-hydroxystearate.\nMethyl taurine-oleic acid condensate, molecular weight 486.\na,a′-[Methylenebis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbu-tyl)-o-phenylene]]bis[omega-hydroxypoly (oxyethylene)] having 6-7.5 moles of ethylene oxide per hydroxyl group.\nMineral oil.\nMono-, di-, and triisopropanolamine.\nMono- and diisopropanolamine stearate.\nMonobutyl ether of ethylene glycol.\nMonoethanolamine.\nMorpholine.\nMyristyl alcohol.\nNaphtha.\nβ-Naphthol.\nNonylphenol.\nOdorless light petroleum hydrocarbons.\nOleyl alcohol.\nPetrolatum.\no-Phenylphenol.\nPine oil.\nPolybutene, hydrogenated; complying with the identity prescribed under § 178.3740(b) of this chapter.\nPolyethylene.\nPolyethylene, oxidized (air-blown).\nPolymer derived from N-vinyl pyrrolidone and copolymers derived from the mixed alkyl (C12-C15, C16, C18, C20, and C22) methacrylate esters, butyl methacrylate (CAS Reg. No. 97-88-1), isobutyl methacrylate (CAS Reg. No. 97-86-9) and methyl methacrylate (CAS Reg. No. 80-62-6); the combined polymer contains no more than 5 weight percent of polymer units derived from N-vinyl pyrrolidone and is present at a level not to exceed 7 parts per million by weight of the finished dry paper and paperboard fibers.\nPolyoxyethylene (4 mols) decyl phosphate.\nPolyoxyethylene (4 mols) di(2-ethyl hexanoate).\nPolyoxyethylene (15 mols) ester of rosin.\nPolyoxyethylene (3-15 mols) tridecyl alcohol.\nPolyoxypropylene, molecular weight 200-2,000.\nPolyoxypropylene-polyoxethylene condensate, minimum molecular weight 950.\nPolyoxypropylene-ethylene oxide condensate of ethylene diamine, molecular weight 1,700-3,800.\nPolyvinyl pyrrolidone, molecular weight 40,000.\nPotassium distearyl phosphate.\nPotassium pentachlorophenate.\nPotassium trichlorophenate.\nRosins and rosin derivatives identified in § 175.105(c)(5) of this chapter.\nSilica.\nSiloxanes and silicones, dimethyl, methylhydrogen, reaction products with polyethylene-polypropylene glycol monoallyl ether (CAS Reg. No. 71965-38-3).\nSodium alkyl (C9-C15) benzene-sulfonate.\nSodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate.\nSodium distearyl phosphate.\nSodium lauryl sulfate.\nSodium lignin sulfonate.\nSodium 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.\nSodium naphthalenesulfonic acid (3 mols) condensed with formaldehyde (2 mols).\nSodium orthophenylphenate.\nSodium pentachlorophenate.\nSodium petroleum sulfonate, molecular weight 440-450.\nSodium trichlorophenate.\nStearyl alcohol.\nα-[p-(1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl) phenyl-, p-nonylphenyl-, or p-dodecylphenyl]-omega-hydroxypoly(oxyethylene) produced by the condensation of 1 mole of p-alkylphenol (alkyl group is 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, a propylene trimer isomer, or a propylene tetramer isomer) with an average of 1.5-15 moles of ethylene oxide.\nTetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol.\nTributoxyethyl phosphate.\nTributyl phosphate.\nTridecyl alcohol.\nTriethanolamine.\nTriethylene glycol di(2-ethyl hexanoate).\nTri-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate.\nTristearyl phosphate.\nWax, petroleum, Type I and Type II.\nWax, petroleum (oxidized).\nWax (montan).","path":["Title 21—Food and Drugs","CHAPTER I—FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES","SUBCHAPTER B—FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION","PART 176—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS","Subpart B—Substances for Use Only as Components of Paper and Paperboard"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-21.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:24:47Z","sha256":"4a5ec68c2934cad9d53fefaca18a81d6a3187042a99aa70e55d3bc931439eec1","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/21-cfr-176.200","next":"us/21-cfr-176.230"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}