{"data":{"id":"us/34-cfr-101.73","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"34 CFR 101.73","heading":"Testimony.","body":"Testimony shall be given orally under oath or affirmation by witnesses at the hearing; but the presiding officer, in his discretion, may require or permit that the direct testimony of any witness be prepared in writing and served on all parties in advance of the hearing. Such testimony may be adopted by the witness at the hearing, and filed as part of the record thereof. Unless authorized by the presiding officer, witnesses will not be permitted to read prepared testimony into the record. Except as provided in §§ 101.75 and 101.76, witnesses shall be available at the hearing for cross-examination.","path":["Title 34—Education","Subtitle B—Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education","CHAPTER I—OFFICE FOR CIVIL RIGHTS, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION","PART 101—PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE FOR HEARINGS UNDER PART 100 OF THIS TITLE","Subpart H—Hearing Procedures"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-34.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:25:40Z","sha256":"1b9918144a136e1a7c450fd7f4d5aeca38ff64a6bc530ceacd5b99d9f95dca94","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/34-cfr-101.72","next":"us/34-cfr-101.74"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}