{"data":{"id":"us/37-cfr-11.49","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"37 CFR 11.49","heading":"Burden of proof.","body":"In a disciplinary proceeding, the OED Director shall have the burden of proving the violation by clear and convincing evidence and a respondent shall have the burden of proving any affirmative defense by clear and convincing evidence.","path":["Title 37—Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights","CHAPTER I—UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE","SUBCHAPTER A—GENERAL","PART 11—REPRESENTATION OF OTHERS BEFORE THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE","Subpart C—Investigations and Disciplinary Proceedings; Jurisdiction, Sanctions, Investigations, and Proceedings"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-37.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:25:45Z","sha256":"72c579cc6f12b722f0588bcea3a4923ad26eaa488499ea2bc0959bb5ad894137","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/37-cfr-11.46-11.48","next":"us/37-cfr-11.50"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}