{"data":{"id":"us/38-cfr-4.71a","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"38 CFR 4.71a","heading":"a Schedule of ratings—musculoskeletal system.","body":"Acute, Subacute, or Chronic Diseases\nRating\n5000 Osteomyelitis, acute, subacute, or chronic:\nOf the pelvis, vertebrae, or extending into major joints, or with multiple localization or with long history of intractability and debility, anemia, amyloid liver changes, or other continuous constitutional symptoms 100\nFrequent episodes, with constitutional symptoms 60\nWith definite involucrum or sequestrum, with or without discharging sinus 30\nWith discharging sinus or other evidence of active infection within the past 5 years 20\nInactive, following repeated episodes, without evidence of active infection in past 5 years 10\nNote (1): A rating of 10 percent, as an exception to the amputation rule, is to be assigned in any case of active osteomyelitis where the amputation rating for the affected part is no percent. This 10 percent rating and the other partial ratings of 30 percent or less are to be combined with ratings for ankylosis, limited motion, nonunion or malunion, shortening, etc., subject, of course, to the amputation rule. The 60 percent rating, as it is based on constitutional symptoms, is not subject to the amputation rule. A rating for osteomyelitis will not be applied following cure by removal or radical resection of the affected bone.\nNote (2): The 20 percent rating on the basis of activity within the past 5 years is not assignable following the initial infection of active osteomyelitis with no subsequent reactivation. The prerequisite for this historical rating is an established recurrent osteomyelitis. To qualify for the 10 percent rating, 2 or more episodes following the initial infection are required. This 20 percent rating or the 10 percent rating, when applicable, will be assigned once only to cover disability at all sites of previously active infection with a future ending date in the case of the 20 percent rating.\n5001 Bones and joints, tuberculosis of, active or inactive:\nActive 100\nInactive: See §§ 4.88c and 4.89\n5002 Multi-joint arthritis (except post-traumatic and gout), 2 or more joints, as an active process:\nWith constitutional manifestations associated with active joint involvement, totally incapacitating 100\nLess than criteria for 100% but with weight loss and anemia productive of severe impairment of health or severely incapacitating exacerbations occurring 4 or more times a year or a lesser number over prolonged periods 60\nSymptom combinations productive of definite impairment of health objectively supported by examination findings or incapacitating exacerbations occurring 3 or more times a year 40\nOne or two exacerbations a year in a well-established diagnosis 20\nNote (1): Examples of conditions rated using this diagnostic code include, but are not limited to, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and spondyloarthropathies.\nNote (2): For chronic residuals, rate under diagnostic code 5003.\nNote (3): The ratings for the active process will not be combined with the residual ratings for limitation of motion, ankylosis, or diagnostic code 5003. Instead, assign the higher evaluation.\n5003 Degenerative arthritis, other than post-traumatic:\nDegenerative arthritis established by X-ray findings will be rated on the basis of limitation of motion under the appropriate diagnostic codes for the specific joint or joints involved (DC 5200 etc.). When however, the limitation of motion of the specific joint or joints involved is noncompensable under the appropriate diagnostic codes, a rating of 10 pct is for application for each such major joint or group of minor joints affected by limitation of motion, to be combined, not added under diagnostic code 5003. Limitation of motion must be objectively confirmed by findings such as swelling, muscle spasm, or satisfactory evidence of painful motion. In the absence of limitation of motion, rate as below:\nWith X-ray evidence of involvement of 2 or more major joints or 2 or more minor joint groups, with occasional incapacitating exacerbations 20\nWith X-ray evidence of involvement of 2 or more major joints or 2 or more minor joint groups 10\nNote (1): The 20 pct and 10 pct ratings based on X-ray findings, above, will not be combined with ratings based on limitation of motion.\nNote (2): The 20 pct and 10 pct ratings based on X-ray findings, above, will not be utilized in rating conditions listed under diagnostic codes 5013 to 5024, inclusive.\n5004 Arthritis, gonorrheal.\n5005 Arthritis, pneumococcic.\n5006 Arthritis, typhoid.\n5007 Arthritis, syphilitic.\n5008 Arthritis, streptococcic.\n5009 Other specified forms of arthropathy (excluding gout).\nNote (1): Other specified forms of arthropathy include, but are not limited to, Charcot neuropathic, hypertrophic, crystalline, and other autoimmune arthropathies.\nNote (2): With the types of arthritis, diagnostic codes 5004 through 5009, rate the acute phase under diagnostic code 5002; rate any chronic residuals under diagnostic code 5003.\n5010 Post-traumatic arthritis: Rate as limitation of motion, dislocation, or other specified instability under the affected joint. If there are 2 or more joints affected, each rating shall be combined in accordance with § 4.25.\n5011 Decompression illness: Rate manifestations under the appropriate diagnostic code within the affected body system, such as arthritis for musculoskeletal residuals; auditory system for vestibular residuals; respiratory system for pulmonary barotrauma residuals; and neurologic system for cerebrovascular accident residuals.\n5012 Bones, neoplasm, malignant, primary or secondary 100\nNote: The 100 percent rating will be continued for 1 year following the cessation of surgical, X-ray, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other prescribed therapeutic procedure. If there has been no local recurrence or metastases, rate based on residuals.\n5013 Osteoporosis, residuals of.\n5014 Osteomalacia, residuals of.\n5015 Bones, neoplasm, benign.\n5016 Osteitis deformans.\n5017 Gout.\n5018 [Removed]\n5019 Bursitis.\n5020 [Removed]\n5021 Myositis.\n5022 [Removed]\n5023 Heterotopic ossification.\n5024 Tenosynovitis, tendinitis, tendinosis or tendinopathy.\nNote to DCs 5013 through 5024: Evaluate the diseases under diagnostic codes 5013 through 5024 as degenerative arthritis, based on limitation of motion of affected parts.\n5025 Fibromyalgia (fibrositis, primary fibromyalgia syndrome)\nWith widespread musculoskeletal pain and tender points, with or without associated fatigue, sleep disturbance, stiffness, paresthesias, headache, irritable bowel symptoms, depression, anxiety, or Raynaud's-like symptoms:\nThat are constant, or nearly so, and refractory to therapy 40\nThat are episodic, with exacerbations often precipitated by environmental or emotional stress or by overexertion, but that are present more than one-third of the time 20\nThat require continuous medication for control 10\nNote: Widespread pain means pain in both the left and right sides of the body, that is both above and below the waist, and that affects both the axial skeleton (i.e., cervical spine, anterior chest, thoracic spine, or low back) and the extremities.\nProsthetic Implants and Resurfacing\nRating\nMajor Minor\nNote (1): When an evaluation is assigned for joint resurfacing or the prosthetic replacement of a joint under diagnostic codes 5051-5056, an additional rating under § 4.71a may not also be assigned for that joint, unless otherwise directed.\nNote (2): Only evaluate a revision procedure in the same manner as the original procedure under diagnostic codes 5051-5056 if all the original components are replaced.\nNote (3): The term “prosthetic replacement” in diagnostic codes 5051-5053 and 5055-5056 means a total replacement of the named joint. However, in DC 5054, “prosthetic replacement” means a total replacement of the head of the femur or of the acetabulum.\nNote (4): The 100 percent rating for 1 year following implantation of prosthesis will commence after initial grant of the 1-month total rating assigned under § 4.30 following hospital discharge.\nNote (5): The 100 percent rating for 4 months following implantation of prosthesis or resurfacing under DCs 5054 and 5055 will commence after initial grant of the 1-month total rating assigned under § 4.30 following hospital discharge.\nNote (6): Special monthly compensation is assignable during the 100 percent rating period the earliest date permanent use of crutches is established.\n5051 Shoulder replacement (prosthesis).\nProsthetic replacement of the shoulder joint:\nFor 1 year following implantation of prosthesis 100 100\nWith chronic residuals consisting of severe, painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity 60 50\nWith intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion, rate by analogy to diagnostic codes 5200 and 5203.\nMinimum rating 30 20\n5052 Elbow replacement (prosthesis).\nProsthetic replacement of the elbow joint:\nFor 1 year following implantation of prosthesis 100 100\nWith chronic residuals consisting of severe painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity 50 40\nWith intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion rate by analogy to diagnostic codes 5205 through 5208.\nMinimum evaluation 30 20\n5053 Wrist replacement (prosthesis).\nProsthetic replacement of wrist joint:\nFor 1 year following implantation of prosthesis 100 100\nWith chronic residuals consisting of severe, painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity 40 30\nWith intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion, rate by analogy to diagnostic code 5214.\nMinimum rating 20 20\n5054 Hip, resurfacing or replacement (prosthesis):\nFor 4 months following implantation of prosthesis or resurfacing 100\nProsthetic replacement of the head of the femur or of the acetabulum:\nFollowing implantation of prosthesis with painful motion or weakness such as to require the use of crutches 1 90\nMarkedly severe residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion following implantation of prosthesis 70\nModerately severe residuals of weakness, pain or limitation of motion 50\nMinimum evaluation, total replacement only 30\nNote: At the conclusion of the 100 percent evaluation period, evaluate resurfacing under diagnostic codes 5250 through 5255; there is no minimum evaluation for resurfacing.\n5055 Knee, resurfacing or replacement (prosthesis):\nFor 4 months following implantation of prosthesis or resurfacing 100\nProsthetic replacement of knee joint:\nWith chronic residuals consisting of severe painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity 60\nWith intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion rate by analogy to diagnostic codes 5256, 5261, or 5262.\nMinimum evaluation, total replacement only 30\nNote: At the conclusion of the 100 percent evaluation period, evaluate resurfacing under diagnostic codes 5256 through 5262; there is no minimum evaluation for resurfacing.\n5056 Ankle replacement (prosthesis).\nProsthetic replacement of ankle joint:\nFor 1 year following implantation of prosthesis 100\nWith chronic residuals consisting of severe painful motion or weakness 40\nWith intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion rate by analogy to 5270 or 5271.\nMinimum rating 20\ncombinations of disabilities\n5104 Anatomical loss of one hand and loss of use of one foot 1 100\n5105 Anatomical loss of one foot and loss of use of one hand 1 100\n5106 Anatomical loss of both hands 1 100\n5107 Anatomical loss of both feet 1 100\n5108 Anatomical loss of one hand and one foot 1 100\n5109 Loss of use of both hands 1 100\n5110 Loss of use of both feet 1 100\n5111 Loss of use of one hand and one foot 1 100\n1 Also entitled to special monthly compensation.\nTable II—Ratings for Multiple Losses of Extremities With Dictator's Rating Code and 38 CFR Citation\nImpairment of one extremity Impairment of other extremity\nAnatomical loss or loss of use below elbow Anatomical loss or loss of use below knee Anatomical loss or loss of use above elbow (preventing use of prosthesis) Anatomical loss or loss of use above knee (preventing use of prosthesis) Anatomical loss near shoulder (preventing use of prosthesis) Anatomical loss near hip (preventing use of prosthesis)\nAnatomical loss or loss of use below elbow M Codes M-1 a, b, or c, 38 CFR 3.350 (c)(1)(i) L Codes L-1 d, e, f, or g, 38 CFR 3.350(b) M1⁄2 Code M-5, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(x) L1⁄2 Code L-2 c, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(vi) N Code N-3, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(xi) M Code M-3 c, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(viii)\nAnatomical loss or loss of use below knee L Codes L-1 a, b, or c, 38 CFR 3.350(b) L1⁄2 Code L-2 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(iii) L1⁄2 Code L-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(i) M Code M-3 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(iv) M Code M-3 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(ii)\nAnatomical loss or loss of use above elbow (preventing use of prosthesis) N Code N-1, 38 CFR 3.350 (d)(1) M Code M-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (c)(1)(iii) N1⁄2 Code N-4, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(ix) M1⁄2 Code M-4 c, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(xi)\nAnatomical loss or loss of use above knee (preventing use of prosthesis) M Code M-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (c)(1)(ii) M1⁄2 Code M-4 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(vii) M1⁄2 Code M-4 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(v)\nAnatomical loss near shoulder (preventing use of prosthesis) O Code O-1, 38 CFR 3.350 (e)(1)(i) N Code N-2 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (d)(3)\nAnatomical loss near hip (preventing use of prosthesis) N Code N-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (d)(2)\nNote.—Need for aid attendance or permanently bedridden qualifies for subpar. L. Code L-1 h, i (38 CFR 3.350(b)). Paraplegia with loss of use of both lower extremities and loss of anal and bladder sphincter control qualifies for subpar. O. Code O-2 (38 CFR 3.350(e)(2)). Where there are additional disabilities rated 50% or 100%, or anatomical or loss of use of a third extremity see 38 CFR 3.350(f) (3), (4) or (5).\nAmputations: Upper Extremity\nRating\nMajor Minor\nArm, amputation of:\n5120 Complete amputation, upper extremity:\nForequarter amputation (involving complete removal of the humerus along with any portion of the scapula, clavicle, and/or ribs) 1 100 1 100\nDisarticulation (involving complete removal of the humerus only) 1 90 1 90\n5121 Above insertion of deltoid 1 90 1 80\n5122 Below insertion of deltoid 1 80 1 70\nForearm, amputation of:\n5123 Above insertion of pronator teres 1 80 1 70\n5124 Below insertion of pronator teres 1 70 1 60\n5125 Hand, loss of use of 1 70 1 60\nmultiple finger amputations\n5126 Five digits of one hand, amputation of 1 70 1 60\nFour digits of one hand, amputation of:\n5127 Thumb, index, long and ring 1 70 1 60\n5128 Thumb, index, long and little 1 70 1 60\n5129 Thumb, index, ring and little 1 70 1 60\n5130 Thumb, long, ring and little 1 70 1 60\n5131 Index, long, ring and little 60 50\nThree digits of one hand, amputation of:\n5132 Thumb, index and long 60 50\n5133 Thumb, index and ring 60 50\n5134 Thumb, index and little 60 50\n5135 Thumb, long and ring 60 50\n5136 Thumb, long and little 60 50\n5137 Thumb, ring and little 60 50\n5138 Index, long and ring 50 40\n5139 Index, long and little 50 40\n5140 Index, ring and little 50 40\n5141 Long, ring and little 40 30\nTwo digits of one hand, amputation of:\n5142 Thumb and index 50 40\n5143 Thumb and long 50 40\n5144 Thumb and ring 50 40\n5145 Thumb and little 50 40\n5146 Index and long 40 30\n5147 Index and ring 40 30\n5148 Index and little 40 30\n5149 Long and ring 30 20\n5150 Long and little 30 20\n5151 Ring and little 30 20\n(a) The ratings for multiple finger amputations apply to amputations at the proximal interphalangeal joints or through proximal phalanges.\n(b) Amputation through middle phalanges will be rated as prescribed for unfavorable ankylosis of the fingers.\n(c) Amputations at distal joints, or through distal phalanges, other than negligible losses, will be rated as prescribed for favorable ankylosis of the fingers.\n(d) Amputation or resection of metacarpal bones (more than one-half the bone lost) in multiple fingers injuries will require a rating of 10 percent added to (not combined with) the ratings, multiple finger amputations, subject to the amputation rule applied to the forearm.\n(e) Combinations of finger amputations at various levels, or finger amputations with ankylosis or limitation of motion of the fingers will be rated on the basis of the grade of disability; i.e., amputation, unfavorable ankylosis, most representative of the levels or combinations. With an even number of fingers involved, and adjacent grades of disability, select the higher of the two grades.\n(f) Loss of use of the hand will be held to exist when no effective function remains other than that which would be equally well served by an amputation stump with a suitable prosthetic appliance.\nsingle finger amputations\n5152 Thumb, amputation of:\nWith metacarpal resection 40 30\nAt metacarpophalangeal joint or through proximal phalanx 30 20\nAt distal joint or through distal phalanx 20 20\n5153 Index finger, amputation of\nWith metacarpal resection (more than one-half the bone lost) 30 20\nWithout metacarpal resection, at proximal interphalangeal joint or proximal thereto 20 20\nThrough middle phalanx or at distal joint 10 10\n5154 Long finger, amputation of:\nWith metacarpal resection (more than one-half the bone lost) 20 20\nWithout metacarpal resection, at proximal interphalangeal joint or proximal thereto 10 10\n5155 Ring finger, amputation of:\nWith metacarpal resection (more than one-half the bone lost) 20 20\nWithout metacarpal resection, at proximal interphalangeal joint or proximal thereto 10 10\n5156 Little finger, amputation of:\nWith metacarpal resection (more than one-half the bone lost) 20 20\nWithout metacarpal resection, at proximal interphalangeal joint or proximal thereto 10 10\nNote: The single finger amputation ratings are the only applicable ratings for amputations of whole or part of single fingers.\n1 Entitled to special monthly compensation.\nAmputations: Lower Extremity\nRating\nThigh, amputation of:\n5160 Complete amputation, lower extremity:\nTrans-pelvic amputation (involving complete removal of the femur and intrinsic pelvic musculature along with any portion of the pelvic bones) 2 100\nDisarticulation (involving complete removal of the femur and intrinsic pelvic musculature only) 2 90\nNote: Separately evaluate residuals involving other body systems (e.g., bowel impairment, bladder impairment) under the appropriate diagnostic code.\n5161 Upper third, one-third of the distance from perineum to knee joint measured from perineum 2 80\n5162 Middle or lower thirds 2 60\nLeg, amputation of:\n5163 With defective stump, thigh amputation recommended 2 60\n5164 Amputation not improvable by prosthesis controlled by natural knee action 2 60\n5165 At a lower level, permitting prosthesis 2 40\n5166 Forefoot, amputation proximal to metatarsal bones (more than one-half of metatarsal loss) 2 40\n5167 Foot, loss of use of 2 40\n5170 Toes, all, amputation of, without metatarsal loss or transmetatarsal, amputation of, with up to half of metatarsal loss 30\n5171 Toe, great, amputation of:\nWith removal of metatarsal head 30\nWithout metatarsal involvement 10\n5172 Toes, other than great, amputation of, with removal of metatarsal head:\nOne or two 20\nWithout metatarsal involvement 0\n5173 Toes, three or four, amputation of, without metatarsal involvement:\nIncluding great toe 20\nNot including great toe 10\n2 Also entitled to special monthly compensation.\nThe Shoulder and Arm\nRating\nMajor Minor\n5200 Scapulohumeral articulation, ankylosis of:\nNote: The scapula and humerus move as one piece.\nUnfavorable, abduction limited to 25° from side 50 40\nIntermediate between favorable and unfavorable 40 30\nFavorable, abduction to 60°, can reach mouth and head 30 20\n5201 Arm, limitation of motion of:\nFlexion and/or abduction limited to 25° from side 40 30\nMidway between side and shoulder level (flexion and/or abduction limited to 45°) 30 20\nAt shoulder level (flexion and/or abduction limited to 90°) 20 20\n5202 Humerus, other impairment of:\nLoss of head of (flail shoulder) 80 70\nNonunion of (false flail joint) 60 50\nFibrous union of 50 40\nRecurrent dislocation of at scapulohumeral joint:\nWith frequent episodes and guarding of all arm movements 30 20\nWith infrequent episodes and guarding of movement only at shoulder level (flexion and/or abduction at 90 °) 20 20\nMalunion of:\nMarked deformity 30 20\nModerate deformity 20 20\n5203 Clavicle or scapula, impairment of:\nDislocation of 20 20\nNonunion of:\nWith loose movement 20 20\nWithout loose movement 10 10\nMalunion of 10 10\nOr rate on impairment of function of contiguous joint.\nThe Elbow and Forearm\nRating\nMajor Minor\n5205 Elbow, ankylosis of:\nUnfavorable, at an angle of less than 50° or with complete loss of supination or pronation 60 50\nIntermediate, at an angle of more than 90°, or between 70° and 50° 50 40\nFavorable, at an angle between 90° and 70° 40 30\n5206 Forearm, limitation of flexion of:\nFlexion limited to 45° 50 40\nFlexion limited to 55° 40 30\nFlexion limited to 70° 30 20\nFlexion limited to 90° 20 20\nFlexion limited to 100° 10 10\nFlexion limited to 110° 0 0\n5207 Forearm, limitation of extension of:\nExtension limited to 110° 50 40\nExtension limited to 100° 40 30\nExtension limited to 90° 30 20\nExtension limited to 75° 20 20\nExtension limited to 60° 10 10\nExtension limited to 45° 10 10\n5208 Forearm, flexion limited to 100° and extension to 45° 20 20\n5209 Elbow, other impairment of Flail joint 60 50\nJoint fracture, with marked cubitus varus or cubitus valgus deformity or with ununited fracture of head of radius 20 20\n5210 Radius and ulna, nonunion of, with flail false joint 50 40\n5211 Ulna, impairment of:\nNonunion in upper half, with false movement:\nWith loss of bone substance (1 inch (2.5 cms.) or more) and marked deformity 40 30\nWithout loss of bone substance or deformity 30 20\nNonunion in lower half 20 20\nMalunion of, with bad alignment 10 10\n5212 Radius, impairment of:\nNonunion in lower half, with false movement:\nWith loss of bone substance (1 inch (2.5 cms.) or more) and marked deformity 40 30\nWithout loss of bone substance or deformity 30 20\nNonunion in upper half 20 20\nMalunion of, with bad alignment 10 10\n5213 Supination and pronation, impairment of:\nLoss of (bone fusion):\nThe hand fixed in supination or hyperpronation 40 30\nThe hand fixed in full pronation 30 20\nThe hand fixed near the middle of the arc or moderate pronation 20 20\nLimitation of pronation:\nMotion lost beyond middle of arc 30 20\nMotion lost beyond last quarter of arc, the hand does not approach full pronation 20 20\nLimitation of supination:\nTo 30° or less 10 10\nNote: In all the forearm and wrist injuries, codes 5205 through 5213, multiple impaired finger movements due to tendon tie-up, muscle or nerve injury, are to be separately rated and combined not to exceed rating for loss of use of hand.\nThe Wrist\nRating\nMajor Minor\n5214 Wrist, ankylosis of:\nUnfavorable, in any degree of palmar flexion, or with ulnar or radial deviation 50 40\nAny other position, except favorable 40 30\nFavorable in 20° to 30° dorsiflexion 30 20\nNote: Extremely unfavorable ankylosis will be rated as loss of use of hands under diagnostic code 5125.\n5215 Wrist, limitation of motion of:\nDorsiflexion less than 15° 10 10\nPalmar flexion limited in line with forearm 10 10\nEvaluation of Ankylosis or Limitation of Motion of Single or Multiple Digits of the Hand\nRating\nMajor Minor\n(1) For the index, long, ring, and little fingers (digits II, III, IV, and V), zero degrees of flexion represents the fingers fully extended, making a straight line with the rest of the hand. The position of function of the hand is with the wrist dorsiflexed 20 to 30 degrees, the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints flexed to 30 degrees, and the thumb (digit I) abducted and rotated so that the thumb pad faces the finger pads. Only joints in these positions are considered to be in favorable position. For digits II through V, the metacarpophalangeal joint has a range of zero to 90 degrees of flexion, the proximal interphalangeal joint has a range of zero to 100 degrees of flexion, and the distal (terminal) interphalangeal joint has a range of zero to 70 or 80 degrees of flexion\n(2) When two or more digits of the same hand are affected by any combination of amputation, ankylosis, or limitation of motion that is not otherwise specified in the rating schedule, the evaluation level assigned will be that which best represents the overall disability (i.e., amputation, unfavorable or favorable ankylosis, or limitation of motion), assigning the higher level of evaluation when the level of disability is equally balanced between one level and the next higher level\n(3) Evaluation of ankylosis of the index, long, ring, and little fingers:\n(i) If both the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of a digit are ankylosed, and either is in extension or full flexion, or there is rotation or angulation of a bone, evaluate as amputation without metacarpal resection, at proximal interphalangeal joint or proximal thereto\n(ii) If both the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of a digit are ankylosed, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis, even if each joint is individually fixed in a favorable position\n(iii) If only the metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of more than two inches (5.1 cm.) between the fingertip(s) and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger(s) flexed to the extent possible, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis\n(iv) If only the metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of two inches (5.1 cm.) or less between the fingertip(s) and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger(s) flexed to the extent possible, evaluate as favorable ankylosis\n(4) Evaluation of ankylosis of the thumb:\n(i) If both the carpometacarpal and interphalangeal joints are ankylosed, and either is in extension or full flexion, or there is rotation or angulation of a bone, evaluate as amputation at metacarpophalangeal joint or through proximal phalanx\n(ii) If both the carpometacarpal and interphalangeal joints are ankylosed, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis, even if each joint is individually fixed in a favorable position\n(iii) If only the carpometacarpal or interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of more than two inches (5.1 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis\n(iv) If only the carpometacarpal or interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of two inches (5.1 cm.) or less between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers, evaluate as favorable ankylosis\n(5) If there is limitation of motion of two or more digits, evaluate each digit separately and combine the evaluations\nI. Multiple Digits: Unfavorable Ankylosis\n5216 Five digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of 60 50\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted.\n5217 Four digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of:\nThumb and any three fingers 60 50\nIndex, long, ring, and little fingers 50 40\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted.\n5218 Three digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of:\nThumb and any two fingers 50 40\nIndex, long, and ring; index, long, and little; or index, ring, and little fingers 40 30\nLong, ring, and little fingers 30 20\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted.\n5219 Two digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of:\nThumb and any finger 40 30\nIndex and long; index and ring; or index and little fingers 30 20\nLong and ring; long and little; or ring and little fingers 20 20\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted.\nII. Multiple Digits: Favorable Ankylosis\n5220 Five digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of 50 40\n5221 Four digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of:\nThumb and any three fingers 50 40\nIndex, long, ring, and little fingers 40 30\n5222 Three digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of:\nThumb and any two fingers 40 30\nIndex, long, and ring; index, long, and little; or index, ring, and little fingers 30 20\nLong, ring and little fingers 20 20\n5223 Two digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of:\nThumb and any finger 30 20\nIndex and long; index and ring; or index and little fingers 20 20\nLong and ring; long and little; or ring and little fingers 10 10\nIII. Ankylosis of Individual Digits\n5224 Thumb, ankylosis of:\nUnfavorable 20 20\nFavorable 10 10\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted and whether an additional evaluation is warranted for resulting limitation of motion of other digits or interference with overall function of the hand.\n5225 Index finger, ankylosis of:\nUnfavorable or favorable 10 10\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted and whether an additional evaluation is warranted for resulting limitation of motion of other digits or interference with overall function of the hand.\n5226 Long finger, ankylosis of:\nUnfavorable or favorable 10 10\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted and whether an additional evaluation is warranted for resulting limitation of motion of other digits or interference with overall function of the hand.\n5227 Ring or little finger, ankylosis of:\nUnfavorable or favorable 0 0\nNote: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted and whether an additional evaluation is warranted for resulting limitation of motion of other digits or interference with overall function of the hand.\nIV. Limitation of Motion of Individual Digits\n5228 Thumb, limitation of motion:\nWith a gap of more than two inches (5.1 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers 20 20\nWith a gap of one to two inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers 10 10\nWith a gap of less than one inch (2.5 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers 0 0\n5229 Index or long finger, limitation of motion:\nWith a gap of one inch (2.5 cm.) or more between the fingertip and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger flexed to the extent possible, or; with extension limited by more than 30 degrees 10 10\nWith a gap of less than one inch (2.5 cm.) between the fingertip and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger flexed to the extent possible, and; extension is limited by no more than 30 degrees 0 0\n5230 Ring or little finger, limitation of motion:\nAny limitation of motion 0 0\nThe Spine\nRating\nGeneral Rating Formula for Diseases and Injuries of the Spine\n(For diagnostic codes 5235 to 5243 unless 5243 is evaluated under the Formula for Rating Intervertebral Disc Syndrome Based on Incapacitating Episodes):\nWith or without symptoms such as pain (whether or not it radiates), stiffness, or aching in the area of the spine affected by residuals of injury or disease\nUnfavorable ankylosis of the entire spine 100\nUnfavorable ankylosis of the entire thoracolumbar spine 50\nUnfavorable ankylosis of the entire cervical spine; or, forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine 30 degrees or less; or, favorable ankylosis of the entire thoracolumbar spine 40\nForward flexion of the cervical spine 15 degrees or less; or, favorable ankylosis of the entire cervical spine 30\nForward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 30 degrees but not greater than 60 degrees; or, forward flexion of the cervical spine greater than 15 degrees but not greater than 30 degrees; or, the combined range of motion of the thoracolumbar spine not greater than 120 degrees; or, the combined range of motion of the cervical spine not greater than 170 degrees; or, muscle spasm or guarding severe enough to result in an abnormal gait or abnormal spinal contour such as scoliosis, reversed lordosis, or abnormal kyphosis 20\nForward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 60 degrees but not greater than 85 degrees; or, forward flexion of the cervical spine greater than 30 degrees but not greater than 40 degrees; or, combined range of motion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 120 degrees but not greater than 235 degrees; or, combined range of motion of the cervical spine greater than 170 degrees but not greater than 335 degrees; or, muscle spasm, guarding, or localized tenderness not resulting in abnormal gait or abnormal spinal contour; or, vertebral body fracture with loss of 50 percent or more of the height 10\nNote (1): Evaluate any associated objective neurologic abnormalities, including, but not limited to, bowel or bladder impairment, separately, under an appropriate diagnostic code.\nNote (2): (See also Plate V.) For VA compensation purposes, normal forward flexion of the cervical spine is zero to 45 degrees, extension is zero to 45 degrees, left and right lateral flexion are zero to 45 degrees, and left and right lateral rotation are zero to 80 degrees. Normal forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine is zero to 90 degrees, extension is zero to 30 degrees, left and right lateral flexion are zero to 30 degrees, and left and right lateral rotation are zero to 30 degrees. The combined range of motion refers to the sum of the range of forward flexion, extension, left and right lateral flexion, and left and right rotation. The normal combined range of motion of the cervical spine is 340 degrees and of the thoracolumbar spine is 240 degrees. The normal ranges of motion for each component of spinal motion provided in this note are the maximum that can be used for calculation of the combined range of motion.\nNote (3): In exceptional cases, an examiner may state that because of age, body habitus, neurologic disease, or other factors not the result of disease or injury of the spine, the range of motion of the spine in a particular individual should be considered normal for that individual, even though it does not conform to the normal range of motion stated in Note (2). Provided that the examiner supplies an explanation, the examiner's assessment that the range of motion is normal for that individual will be accepted.\nNote (4): Round each range of motion measurement to the nearest five degrees.\nNote (5): For VA compensation purposes, unfavorable ankylosis is a condition in which the entire cervical spine, the entire thoracolumbar spine, or the entire spine is fixed in flexion or extension, and the ankylosis results in one or more of the following: difficulty walking because of a limited line of vision; restricted opening of the mouth and chewing; breathing limited to diaphragmatic respiration; gastrointestinal symptoms due to pressure of the costal margin on the abdomen; dyspnea or dysphagia; atlantoaxial or cervical subluxation or dislocation; or neurologic symptoms due to nerve root stretching. Fixation of a spinal segment in neutral position (zero degrees) always represents favorable ankylosis.\nNote (6): Separately evaluate disability of the thoracolumbar and cervical spine segments, except when there is unfavorable ankylosis of both segments, which will be rated as a single disability.\n5235 Vertebral fracture or dislocation\n5236 Sacroiliac injury and weakness\n5237 Lumbosacral or cervical strain\n5238 Spinal stenosis\n5239 Spondylolisthesis or segmental instability\n5240 Ankylosing spondylitis\n5241 Spinal fusion\n5242 Degenerative arthritis, degenerative disc disease other than intervertebral disc syndrome (also, see either DC 5003 or 5010)\n5243 Intervertebral disc syndrome: Assign this diagnostic code only when there is disc herniation with compression and/or irritation of the adjacent nerve root; assign diagnostic code 5242 for all other disc diagnoses.\nEvaluate intervertebral disc syndrome (preoperatively or postoperatively) either under the General Rating Formula for Diseases and Injuries of the Spine or under the Formula for Rating Intervertebral Disc Syndrome Based on Incapacitating Episodes, whichever method results in the higher evaluation when all disabilities are combined under § 4.25.\n5244 Traumatic paralysis, complete:\nParaplegia: Rate under diagnostic code 5110.\nQuadriplegia: Rate separately under diagnostic codes 5109 and 5110 and combine evaluations in accordance with § 4.25.\nNote: If traumatic paralysis does not cause loss of use of both hands or both feet, it is incomplete paralysis. Evaluate residuals of incomplete traumatic paralysis under the appropriate diagnostic code (e.g., § 4.124a, Diseases of the Peripheral Nerves).\nFormula for Rating Intervertebral Disc Syndrome Based on Incapacitating Episodes\nWith incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 6 weeks during the past 12 months 60\nWith incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 4 weeks but less than 6 weeks during the past 12 months 40\nWith incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 2 weeks but less than 4 weeks during the past 12 months 20\nWith incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least one week but less than 2 weeks during the past 12 months 10\nNote (1): For purposes of evaluations under diagnostic code 5243, an incapacitating episode is a period of acute signs and symptoms due to intervertebral disc syndrome that requires bed rest prescribed by a physician and treatment by a physician.\nNote (2): If intervertebral disc syndrome is present in more than one spinal segment, provided that the effects in each spinal segment are clearly distinct, evaluate each segment on the basis of incapacitating episodes or under the General Rating Formula for Diseases and Injuries of the Spine, whichever method results in a higher evaluation for that segment.\nThe Hip and Thigh\nRating\n5250 Hip, ankylosis of:\nUnfavorable, extremely unfavorable ankylosis, the foot not reaching ground, crutches necessitated 3 90\nIntermediate 70\nFavorable, in flexion at an angle between 20° and 40°, and slight adduction or abduction 60\n5251 Thigh, limitation of extension of:\nExtension limited to 5° 10\n5252 Thigh, limitation of flexion of:\nFlexion limited to 10° 40\nFlexion limited to 20° 30\nFlexion limited to 30° 20\nFlexion limited to 45° 10\n5253 Thigh, impairment of:\nLimitation of abduction of, motion lost beyond 10° 20\nLimitation of adduction of, cannot cross legs 10\nLimitation of rotation of, cannot toe-out more than 15°, affected leg 10\n5254 Hip, flail joint 80\n5255 Femur, impairment of:\nFracture of shaft or anatomical neck of:\nWith nonunion, with loose motion (spiral or oblique fracture) 80\nWith nonunion, without loose motion, weight bearing preserved with aid of brace 60\nFracture of surgical neck of, with false joint 60\nMalunion of:\nEvaluate under diagnostic codes 5256, 5257, 5260, or 5261 for the knee, or 5250-5254 for the hip, whichever results in the highest evaluation.\n3 Entitled to special monthly compensation.\nThe Knee and Leg\nRating\n5256 Knee, ankylosis of:\nExtremely unfavorable, in flexion at an angle of 45° or more 60\nIn flexion between 20° and 45° 50\nIn flexion between 10° and 20° 40\nFavorable angle in full extension, or in slight flexion between 0° and 10° 30\n5257 Knee, other impairment of:\nRecurrent subluxation or instability:\nUnrepaired or failed repair of complete ligament tear causing persistent instability, and a medical provider prescribes both an assistive device (e.g., cane(s), crutch(es), walker) and bracing for ambulation 30\nOne of the following:\n(a) Sprain, incomplete ligament tear, or repaired complete ligament tear causing persistent instability, and a medical provider prescribes a brace and/or assistive device (e.g., cane(s), crutch(es), walker) for ambulation.\n(b) Unrepaired or failed repair of complete ligament tear causing persistent instability, and a medical provider prescribes either an assistive device (e.g., cane(s), crutch(es), walker) or bracing for ambulation 20\nSprain, incomplete ligament tear, or complete ligament tear (repaired, unrepaired, or failed repair) causing persistent instability, without a prescription from a medical provider for an assistive device (e.g., cane(s), crutch(es), walker) or bracing for ambulation 10\nPatellar instability:\nA diagnosed condition involving the patellofemoral complex with recurrent instability after surgical repair that requires a prescription by a medical provider for a brace and either a cane or a walker 30\nA diagnosed condition involving the patellofemoral complex with recurrent instability after surgical repair that requires a prescription by a medical provider for one of the following: A brace, cane, or walker 20\nA diagnosed condition involving the patellofemoral complex with recurrent instability (with or without history of surgical repair) that does not require a prescription from a medical provider for a brace, cane, or walker 10\nNote (1): For patellar instability, the patellofemoral complex consists of the quadriceps tendon, the patella, and the patellar tendon.\nNote (2): A surgical procedure that does not involve repair of one or more patellofemoral components that contribute to the underlying instability shall not qualify as surgical repair for patellar instability (including, but not limited to, arthroscopy to remove loose bodies and joint aspiration).\n5258 Cartilage, semilunar, dislocated, with frequent episodes of “locking,” pain, and effusion into the joint 20\n5259 Cartilage, semilunar, removal of, symptomatic 10\n5260 Leg, limitation of flexion of:\nFlexion limited to 15° 30\nFlexion limited to 30° 20\nFlexion limited to 45° 10\nFlexion limited to 60° 0\n5261 Leg, limitation of extension of:\nExtension limited to 45° 50\nExtension limited to 30° 40\nExtension limited to 20° 30\nExtension limited to 15° 20\nExtension limited to 10° 10\nExtension limited to 5° 0\n5262 Tibia and fibula, impairment of:\nNonunion of, with loose motion, requiring brace 40\nMalunion of:\nEvaluate under diagnostic codes 5256, 5257, 5260, or 5261 for the knee, or 5270 or 5271 for the ankle, whichever results in the highest evaluation.\nMedial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), or shin splints:\nRequiring treatment for no less than 12 consecutive months, and unresponsive to surgery and either shoe orthotics or other conservative treatment, both lower extremities 30\nRequiring treatment for no less than 12 consecutive months, and unresponsive to surgery and either shoe orthotics or other conservative treatment, one lower extremity 20\nRequiring treatment for no less than 12 consecutive months, and unresponsive to either shoe orthotics or other conservative treatment, one or both lower extremities 10\nTreatment less than 12 consecutive months, one or both lower extremities 0\n5263 Genu recurvatum (acquired, traumatic, with weakness and insecurity in weight-bearing objectively demonstrated) 10\nThe Ankle\nRating\n5270 Ankle, ankylosis of:\nIn plantar flexion at more than 40°, or in dorsiflexion at more than 10° or with abduction, adduction, inversion or eversion deformity 40\nIn plantar flexion, between 30° and 40°, or in dorsiflexion, between 0° and 10° 30\nIn plantar flexion, less than 30° 20\n5271 Ankle, limited motion of:\nMarked (less than 5 degrees dorsiflexion or less than 10 degrees plantar flexion) 20\nModerate (less than 15 degrees dorsiflexion or less than 30 degrees plantar flexion) 10\n5272 Subastragalar or tarsal joint, ankylosis of:\nIn poor weight-bearing position 20\nIn good weight-bearing position 10\n5273 Os calcis or astragalus, malunion of:\nMarked deformity 20\nModerate deformity 10\n5274 Astragalectomy 20\nShortening of the Lower Extremity\nRating\n5275 Bones, of the lower extremity, shortening of:\nOver 4 inches (10.2 cms.) 3 60\n31⁄2 to 4 inches (8.9 cms. to 10.2 cms.) 3 50\n3 to 31⁄2 inches (7.6 cms. to 8.9 cms.) 40\n21⁄2 to 3 inches (6.4 cms. to 7.6 cms.) 30\n2 to 21⁄2 inches (5.1 cms. to 6.4 cms.) 20\n11⁄4 to 2 inches (3.2 cms. to 5.1 cms.) 10\nNote: Measure both lower extremities from anterior superior spine of the ilium to the internal malleolus of the tibia. Not to be combined with other ratings for fracture or faulty union in the same extremity.\n3 Also entitled to special monthly compensation.\nThe Foot\nRating\n5269 Plantar fasciitis:\nNo relief from both non-surgical and surgical treatment, bilateral 30\nNo relief from both non-surgical and surgical treatment, unilateral 20\nOtherwise, unilateral or bilateral 10\nNote (1): With actual loss of use of the foot, rate 40 percent\nNote (2): If a veteran has been recommended for surgical intervention, but is not a surgical candidate, evaluate under the 20 percent or 30 percent criteria, whichever is applicable\n5276 Flatfoot, acquired:\nPronounced; marked pronation, extreme tenderness of plantar surfaces of the feet, marked inward displacement and severe spasm of the tendo achillis on manipulation, not improved by orthopedic shoes or appliances\nBilateral 50\nUnilateral 30\nSevere; objective evidence of marked deformity (pronation, abduction, etc.), pain on manipulation and use accentuated, indication of swelling on use, characteristic callosities:\nBilateral 30\nUnilateral 20\nModerate; weight-bearing line over or medial to great toe, inward bowing of the tendo achillis, pain on manipulation and use of the feet, bilateral or unilateral 10\nMild; symptoms relieved by built-up shoe or arch support 0\n5277 Weak foot, bilateral:\nA symptomatic condition secondary to many constitutional conditions, characterized by atrophy of the musculature, disturbed circulation, and weakness:\nRate the underlying condition, minimum rating 10\n5278 Claw foot (pes cavus), acquired:\nMarked contraction of plantar fascia with dropped forefoot, all toes hammer toes, very painful callosities, marked varus deformity:\nBilateral 50\nUnilateral 30\nAll toes tending to dorsiflexion, limitation of dorsiflexion at ankle to right angle, shortened plantar fascia, and marked tenderness under metatarsal heads:\nBilateral 30\nUnilateral 20\nGreat toe dorsiflexed, some limitation of dorsiflexion at ankle, definite tenderness under metatarsal heads:\nBilateral 10\nUnilateral 10\nSlight 0\n5279 Metatarsalgia, anterior (Morton's disease), unilateral, or bilateral 10\n5280 Hallux valgus, unilateral:\nOperated with resection of metatarsal head 10\nSevere, if equivalent to amputation of great toe 10\n5281 Hallux rigidus, unilateral, severe:\nRate as hallux valgus, severe.\nNote: Not to be combined with claw foot ratings.\n5282 Hammer toe:\nAll toes, unilateral without claw foot 10\nSingle toes 0\n5283 Tarsal, or metatarsal bones, malunion of, or nonunion of:\nSevere 30\nModerately severe 20\nModerate 10\nNote: With actual loss of use of the foot, rate 40 percent.\n5284 Foot injuries, other:\nSevere 30\nModerately severe 20\nModerate 10\nNote: With actual loss of use of the foot, rate 40 percent.\nThe Skull\nRating\n5296 Skull, loss of part of, both inner and outer tables:\nWith brain hernia 80\nWithout brain hernia:\nArea larger than size of a 50-cent piece or 1.140 in 2 (7.355 cm 2) 50\nArea intermediate 30\nArea smaller than the size of a 25-cent piece or 0.716 in 2 (4.619 cm 2) 10\nNote: Rate separately for intracranial complications.\nThe Ribs\nRating\n5297 Ribs, removal of:\nMore than six 50\nFive or six 40\nThree or four 30\nTwo 20\nOne or resection of two or more ribs without regeneration 10\nNote (1): The rating for rib resection or removal is not to be applied with ratings for purrulent pleurisy, lobectomy, pneumonectomy or injuries of pleural cavity.\nNote (2): However, rib resection will be considered as rib removal in thoracoplasty performed for collapse therapy or to accomplish obliteration of space and will be combined with the rating for lung collapse, or with the rating for lobectomy, pneumonectomy or the graduated ratings for pulmonary tuberculosis.\nThe Coccyx\nRating\n5298 Coccyx, removal of:\nPartial or complete, with painful residuals 10\nWithout painful residuals 0","path":["Title 38—Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief","CHAPTER I—DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS","PART 4—SCHEDULE FOR RATING DISABILITIES","Subpart B—Disability Ratings"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-38.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:25:50Z","sha256":"c14e855dc7f488bb7d3cde8068614df97ea3c2bac27fdee204e2dc7b0df88e83","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/38-cfr-4.71","next":"us/38-cfr-4.72"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}