{"data":{"id":"us/40-cfr-471.52","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"40 CFR 471.52","heading":"Effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT).","body":"Except as provided in 40 CFR 125.30 through 125.32, any existing point source subject to this subpart must achieve the following effluent limitations representing the degree of effluent reduction attainable by the application of the best available technology economically achievable (BAT):\n(a) Rolling spent neat oils and graphite based lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.\n(b) Rolling spent emulsions.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals rolled with emulsions\nCopper 0.549 0.262\nNickel 0.236 0.157\nFluoride 25.5 11.3\nMolybdenum 2.16 0.957\n(c) Drawing spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.\n(d) Extrusion spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.\n(e) Extrusion press hydraulic fluid leakage.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals extruded\nCopper 1.5 0.730\nNickel 0.650 0.440\nFluoride 71.000 31.0\nMolybdenum 5.99 2.66\n(f) Forging spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.\n(g) Forging contact cooling water.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of forged refractory metals cooled with water\nCopper 0.041 0.020\nNickel 0.018 0.012\nFluoride 1.92 0.853\nMolybdenum 0.163 0.072\n(h) Equipment cleaning wastewater.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed\nCopper 0.174 0.083\nNickel 0.075 0.051\nFluoride 8.09 3.59\nMolybdenum 0.684 0.303\n(i) Metal powder production wastewater.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals powder produced\nCopper 0.360 0.172\nNickel 0.155 0.104\nFluoride 16.7 7.42\nMolybdenum 1.42 0.627\n(j) Metal powder production floor wash wastewater—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.\n(k) Metal powder pressing spent lubricants—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.\n(l) Surface treatment spent baths.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated\nCopper 0.498 0.237\nNickel 0.214 0.144\nFluoride 23.2 10.3\nMolybdenum 1.96 0.868\n(m) Surface treatment rinse.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals surface treated\nCopper 15.5 7.38\nNickel 6.66 4.48\nFluoride 720 320\nMolybdenum 60.9 27.0\n(n) Alkaline cleaning spent baths.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned\nCopper 0.428 0.204\nNickel 0.184 0.124\nFluoride 19.9 8.82\nMolybdenum 1.68 0.745\n(o) Alkaline cleaning rinse.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals alkaline cleaned\nCopper 10.5 4.98\nNickel 4.49 3.02\nFluoride 486 216\nMolybdenum 41.1 18.2\n(p) Molten salt rinse.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals treated with molten salt\nCopper 0.810 0.386\nNickel 0.348 0.234\nFluoride 37.7 16.7\nMolybdenum 3.19 1.41\n(q) Tumbling or burnishing wastewater.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals tumbled or burnished\nCopper 1.60 0.763\nNickel 0.688 0.463\nFluoride 74.4 33.0\nMolybdenum 6.29 2.79\n(r) Sawing or grinding spent neat oils—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.\n(s) Sawing or grinding spent emulsions.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with emulsions\nCopper 0.380 0.181\nNickel 0.164 0.110\nFluoride 17.7 7.84\nMolybdenum 1.50 0.663\n(t) Sawing or grinding contact cooling water.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed or ground with contact cooling water\nCopper 3.11 1.48\nNickel 1.34 0.899\nFluoride 145.0 64.2\nMolybdenum 12.2 5.42\n(u) Sawing or grinding rinse.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of sawed or ground refractory metals rinsed\nCopper 0.018 0.009\nNickel 0.008 0.005\nFluoride 0.803 0.357\nMolybdenum 0.068 0.030\n(v) Wet air pollution control scrubber blowdown.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals sawed, surface coated or surface treated\nCopper 1.01 0.480\nNickel 0.433 0.291\nFluoride 46.8 20.8\nMolybdenum 3.96 1.76\n(w) Miscellaneous wastewater sources.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals formed\nCopper 0.442 0.211\nNickel 0.190 0.128\nFluoride 20.6 9.11\nMolybdenum 1.74 0.770\n(x) Dye penetrant testing wastewater.\nSubpart E—BAT\nPollutant or pollutant property Maximum for any 1 day Maximum for monthly average\nmg/off-kg (pounds per million off-pounds) of refractory metals product tested\nCopper 0.100 0.048\nNickel 0.043 0.029\nFluoride 4.62 2.05\nMolybdenum 0.391 0.173\n(y) Degreasing spent solvents—subpart E—BAT. There shall be no discharge of process wastewater pollutants.","path":["Title 40—Protection of Environment","CHAPTER I—ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY","SUBCHAPTER N—EFFLUENT GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS","PART 471—NONFERROUS METALS FORMING AND METAL POWDERS POINT SOURCE CATEGORY","Subpart E—Refractory Metals Forming Subcategory"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-40.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:26:04Z","sha256":"73afbea3360705cb7f22f489902bf0890e51b2c0109b2ef07371653f97165e63","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/40-cfr-471.51","next":"us/40-cfr-471.53"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}