{"data":{"id":"us/40-cfr-appendix-ii-to-part-1048","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"40 CFR Appendix II to Part 1048","heading":"Appendix II to Part 1048—Large Spark-ignition (SI) Composite Transient Cycle","body":"The following table shows the transient duty-cycle for engines that are not constant-speed engines, as described in § 1048.510:\nTime(s) Normalized speed (percent) Normalized torque (percent)\n0 0 0\n1 0 0\n2 0 0\n3 0 0\n4 0 0\n5 0 0\n6 0 0\n7 0 0\n8 0 0\n9 1 8\n10 6 54\n11 8 61\n12 34 59\n13 22 46\n14 5 51\n15 18 51\n16 31 50\n17 30 56\n18 31 49\n19 25 66\n20 58 55\n21 43 31\n22 16 45\n23 24 38\n24 24 27\n25 30 33\n26 45 65\n27 50 49\n28 23 42\n29 13 42\n30 9 45\n31 23 30\n32 37 45\n33 44 50\n34 49 52\n35 55 49\n36 61 46\n37 66 38\n38 42 33\n39 17 41\n40 17 37\n41 7 50\n42 20 32\n43 5 55\n44 30 42\n45 44 53\n46 45 56\n47 41 52\n48 24 41\n49 15 40\n50 11 44\n51 32 31\n52 38 54\n53 38 47\n54 9 55\n55 10 50\n56 33 55\n57 48 56\n58 49 47\n59 33 44\n60 52 43\n61 55 43\n62 59 38\n63 44 28\n64 24 37\n65 12 44\n66 9 47\n67 12 52\n68 34 21\n69 29 44\n70 44 54\n71 54 62\n72 62 57\n73 72 56\n74 88 71\n75 100 69\n76 100 34\n77 100 42\n78 100 54\n79 100 58\n80 100 38\n81 83 17\n82 61 15\n83 43 22\n84 24 35\n85 16 39\n86 15 45\n87 32 34\n88 14 42\n89 8 48\n90 5 51\n91 10 41\n92 12 37\n93 4 47\n94 3 49\n95 3 50\n96 4 49\n97 4 48\n98 8 43\n99 2 51\n100 5 46\n101 8 41\n102 4 47\n103 3 49\n104 6 45\n105 3 48\n106 10 42\n107 18 27\n108 3 50\n109 11 41\n110 34 29\n111 51 57\n112 67 63\n113 61 32\n114 44 31\n115 48 54\n116 69 65\n117 85 65\n118 81 29\n119 74 21\n120 62 23\n121 76 58\n122 96 75\n123 100 77\n124 100 27\n125 100 79\n126 100 79\n127 100 81\n128 100 57\n129 99 52\n130 81 35\n131 69 29\n132 47 22\n133 34 28\n134 27 37\n135 83 60\n136 100 74\n137 100 7\n138 100 2\n139 70 18\n140 23 39\n141 5 54\n142 11 40\n143 11 34\n144 11 41\n145 19 25\n146 16 32\n147 20 31\n148 21 38\n149 21 42\n150 9 51\n151 4 49\n152 2 51\n153 1 58\n154 21 57\n155 29 47\n156 33 45\n157 16 49\n158 38 45\n159 37 43\n160 35 42\n161 39 43\n162 51 49\n163 59 55\n164 65 54\n165 76 62\n166 84 59\n167 83 29\n168 67 35\n169 84 54\n170 90 58\n171 93 43\n172 90 29\n173 66 19\n174 52 16\n175 49 17\n176 56 38\n177 73 71\n178 86 80\n179 96 75\n180 89 27\n181 66 17\n182 50 18\n183 36 25\n184 36 24\n185 38 40\n186 40 50\n187 27 48\n188 19 48\n189 23 50\n190 19 45\n191 6 51\n192 24 48\n193 49 67\n194 47 49\n195 22 44\n196 25 40\n197 38 54\n198 43 55\n199 40 52\n200 14 49\n201 11 45\n202 7 48\n203 26 41\n204 41 59\n205 53 60\n206 44 54\n207 22 40\n208 24 41\n209 32 53\n210 44 74\n211 57 25\n212 22 49\n213 29 45\n214 19 37\n215 14 43\n216 36 40\n217 43 63\n218 42 49\n219 15 50\n220 19 44\n221 47 59\n222 67 80\n223 76 74\n224 87 66\n225 98 61\n226 100 38\n227 97 27\n228 100 53\n229 100 72\n230 100 49\n231 100 4\n232 100 13\n233 87 15\n234 53 26\n235 33 27\n236 39 19\n237 51 33\n238 67 54\n239 83 60\n240 95 52\n241 100 50\n242 100 36\n243 100 25\n244 85 16\n245 62 16\n246 40 26\n247 56 39\n248 81 75\n249 98 86\n250 100 76\n251 100 51\n252 100 78\n253 100 83\n254 100 100\n255 100 66\n256 100 85\n257 100 72\n258 100 45\n259 98 58\n260 60 30\n261 43 32\n262 71 36\n263 44 32\n264 24 38\n265 42 17\n266 22 51\n267 13 53\n268 23 45\n269 29 50\n270 28 42\n271 21 55\n272 34 57\n273 44 47\n274 19 46\n275 13 44\n276 25 36\n277 43 51\n278 55 73\n279 68 72\n280 76 63\n281 80 45\n282 83 40\n283 78 26\n284 60 20\n285 47 19\n286 52 25\n287 36 30\n288 40 26\n289 45 34\n290 47 35\n291 42 28\n292 46 38\n293 48 44\n294 68 61\n295 70 47\n296 48 28\n297 42 22\n298 31 29\n299 22 35\n300 28 28\n301 46 46\n302 62 69\n303 76 81\n304 88 85\n305 98 81\n306 100 74\n307 100 13\n308 100 11\n309 100 17\n310 99 3\n311 80 7\n312 62 11\n313 63 11\n314 64 16\n315 69 43\n316 81 67\n317 93 74\n318 100 72\n319 94 27\n320 73 15\n321 40 33\n322 40 52\n323 50 50\n324 11 53\n325 12 45\n326 5 50\n327 1 55\n328 7 55\n329 62 60\n330 80 28\n331 23 37\n332 39 58\n333 47 24\n334 59 51\n335 58 68\n336 36 52\n337 18 42\n338 36 52\n339 59 73\n340 72 85\n341 85 92\n342 99 90\n343 100 72\n344 100 18\n345 100 76\n346 100 64\n347 100 87\n348 100 97\n349 100 84\n350 100 100\n351 100 91\n352 100 83\n353 100 93\n354 100 100\n355 94 43\n356 72 10\n357 77 3\n358 48 2\n359 29 5\n360 59 19\n361 63 5\n362 35 2\n363 24 3\n364 28 2\n365 36 16\n366 54 23\n367 60 10\n368 33 1\n369 23 0\n370 16 0\n371 11 0\n372 20 0\n373 25 2\n374 40 3\n375 33 4\n376 34 5\n377 46 7\n378 57 10\n379 66 11\n380 75 14\n381 79 11\n382 80 16\n383 92 21\n384 99 16\n385 83 2\n386 71 2\n387 69 4\n388 67 4\n389 74 16\n390 86 25\n391 97 28\n392 100 15\n393 83 2\n394 62 4\n395 40 6\n396 49 10\n397 36 5\n398 27 4\n399 29 3\n400 22 2\n401 13 3\n402 37 36\n403 90 26\n404 41 2\n405 25 2\n406 29 2\n407 38 7\n408 50 13\n409 55 10\n410 29 3\n411 24 7\n412 51 16\n413 62 15\n414 72 35\n415 91 74\n416 100 73\n417 100 8\n418 98 11\n419 100 59\n420 100 98\n421 100 99\n422 100 75\n423 100 95\n424 100 100\n425 100 97\n426 100 90\n427 100 86\n428 100 82\n429 97 43\n430 70 16\n431 50 20\n432 42 33\n433 89 64\n434 89 77\n435 99 95\n436 100 41\n437 77 12\n438 29 37\n439 16 41\n440 16 38\n441 15 36\n442 18 44\n443 4 55\n444 24 26\n445 26 35\n446 15 45\n447 21 39\n448 29 52\n449 26 46\n450 27 50\n451 13 43\n452 25 36\n453 37 57\n454 29 46\n455 17 39\n456 13 41\n457 19 38\n458 28 35\n459 8 51\n460 14 36\n461 17 47\n462 34 39\n463 34 57\n464 11 70\n465 13 51\n466 13 68\n467 38 44\n468 53 67\n469 29 69\n470 19 65\n471 52 45\n472 61 79\n473 29 70\n474 15 53\n475 15 60\n476 52 40\n477 50 61\n478 13 74\n479 46 51\n480 60 73\n481 33 84\n482 31 63\n483 41 42\n484 26 69\n485 23 65\n486 48 49\n487 28 57\n488 16 67\n489 39 48\n490 47 73\n491 35 87\n492 26 73\n493 30 61\n494 34 49\n495 35 66\n496 56 47\n497 49 64\n498 59 64\n499 42 69\n500 6 77\n501 5 59\n502 17 59\n503 45 53\n504 21 62\n505 31 60\n506 53 68\n507 48 79\n508 45 61\n509 51 47\n510 41 48\n511 26 58\n512 21 62\n513 50 52\n514 39 65\n515 23 65\n516 42 62\n517 57 80\n518 66 81\n519 64 62\n520 45 42\n521 33 42\n522 27 57\n523 31 59\n524 41 53\n525 45 72\n526 48 73\n527 46 90\n528 56 76\n529 64 76\n530 69 64\n531 72 59\n532 73 58\n533 71 56\n534 66 48\n535 61 50\n536 55 56\n537 52 52\n538 54 49\n539 61 50\n540 64 54\n541 67 54\n542 68 52\n543 60 53\n544 52 50\n545 45 49\n546 38 45\n547 32 45\n548 26 53\n549 23 56\n550 30 49\n551 33 55\n552 35 59\n553 33 65\n554 30 67\n555 28 59\n556 25 58\n557 23 56\n558 22 57\n559 19 63\n560 14 63\n561 31 61\n562 35 62\n563 21 80\n564 28 65\n565 7 74\n566 23 54\n567 38 54\n568 14 78\n569 38 58\n570 52 75\n571 59 81\n572 66 69\n573 54 44\n574 48 34\n575 44 33\n576 40 40\n577 28 58\n578 27 63\n579 35 45\n580 20 66\n581 15 60\n582 10 52\n583 22 56\n584 30 62\n585 21 67\n586 29 53\n587 41 56\n588 15 67\n589 24 56\n590 42 69\n591 39 83\n592 40 73\n593 35 67\n594 32 61\n595 30 65\n596 30 72\n597 48 51\n598 66 58\n599 62 71\n600 36 63\n601 17 59\n602 16 50\n603 16 62\n604 34 48\n605 51 66\n606 35 74\n607 15 56\n608 19 54\n609 43 65\n610 52 80\n611 52 83\n612 49 57\n613 48 46\n614 37 36\n615 25 44\n616 14 53\n617 13 64\n618 23 56\n619 21 63\n620 18 67\n621 20 54\n622 16 67\n623 26 56\n624 41 65\n625 28 62\n626 19 60\n627 33 56\n628 37 70\n629 24 79\n630 28 57\n631 40 57\n632 40 58\n633 28 44\n634 25 41\n635 29 53\n636 31 55\n637 26 64\n638 20 50\n639 16 53\n640 11 54\n641 13 53\n642 23 50\n643 32 59\n644 36 63\n645 33 59\n646 24 52\n647 20 52\n648 22 55\n649 30 53\n650 37 59\n651 41 58\n652 36 54\n653 29 49\n654 24 53\n655 14 57\n656 10 54\n657 9 55\n658 10 57\n659 13 55\n660 15 64\n661 31 57\n662 19 69\n663 14 59\n664 33 57\n665 41 65\n666 39 64\n667 39 59\n668 39 51\n669 28 41\n670 19 49\n671 27 54\n672 37 63\n673 32 74\n674 16 70\n675 12 67\n676 13 60\n677 17 56\n678 15 62\n679 25 47\n680 27 64\n681 14 71\n682 5 65\n683 6 57\n684 6 57\n685 15 52\n686 22 61\n687 14 77\n688 12 67\n689 12 62\n690 14 59\n691 15 58\n692 18 55\n693 22 53\n694 19 69\n695 14 67\n696 9 63\n697 8 56\n698 17 49\n699 25 55\n700 14 70\n701 12 60\n702 22 57\n703 27 67\n704 29 68\n705 34 62\n706 35 61\n707 28 78\n708 11 71\n709 4 58\n710 5 58\n711 10 56\n712 20 63\n713 13 76\n714 11 65\n715 9 60\n716 7 55\n717 8 53\n718 10 60\n719 28 53\n720 12 73\n721 4 64\n722 4 61\n723 4 61\n724 10 56\n725 8 61\n726 20 56\n727 32 62\n728 33 66\n729 34 73\n730 31 61\n731 33 55\n732 33 60\n733 31 59\n734 29 58\n735 31 53\n736 33 51\n737 33 48\n738 27 44\n739 21 52\n740 13 57\n741 12 56\n742 10 64\n743 22 47\n744 15 74\n745 8 66\n746 34 47\n747 18 71\n748 9 57\n749 11 55\n750 12 57\n751 10 61\n752 16 53\n753 12 75\n754 6 70\n755 12 55\n756 24 50\n757 28 60\n758 28 64\n759 23 60\n760 20 56\n761 26 50\n762 28 55\n763 18 56\n764 15 52\n765 11 59\n766 16 59\n767 34 54\n768 16 82\n769 15 64\n770 36 53\n771 45 64\n772 41 59\n773 34 50\n774 27 45\n775 22 52\n776 18 55\n777 26 54\n778 39 62\n779 37 71\n780 32 58\n781 24 48\n782 14 59\n783 7 59\n784 7 55\n785 18 49\n786 40 62\n787 44 73\n788 41 68\n789 35 48\n790 29 54\n791 22 69\n792 46 53\n793 59 71\n794 69 68\n795 75 47\n796 62 32\n797 48 35\n798 27 59\n799 13 58\n800 14 54\n801 21 53\n802 23 56\n803 23 57\n804 23 65\n805 13 65\n806 9 64\n807 27 56\n808 26 78\n809 40 61\n810 35 76\n811 28 66\n812 23 57\n813 16 50\n814 11 53\n815 9 57\n816 9 62\n817 27 57\n818 42 69\n819 47 75\n820 53 67\n821 61 62\n822 63 53\n823 60 54\n824 56 44\n825 49 39\n826 39 35\n827 30 34\n828 33 46\n829 44 56\n830 50 56\n831 44 52\n832 38 46\n833 33 44\n834 29 45\n835 24 46\n836 18 52\n837 9 55\n838 10 54\n839 20 53\n840 27 58\n841 29 59\n842 30 62\n843 30 65\n844 27 66\n845 32 58\n846 40 56\n847 41 57\n848 18 73\n849 15 55\n850 18 50\n851 17 52\n852 20 49\n853 16 62\n854 4 67\n855 2 64\n856 7 54\n857 10 50\n858 9 57\n859 5 62\n860 12 51\n861 14 65\n862 9 64\n863 31 50\n864 30 78\n865 21 65\n866 14 51\n867 10 55\n868 6 59\n869 7 59\n870 19 54\n871 23 61\n872 24 62\n873 34 61\n874 51 67\n875 60 66\n876 58 55\n877 60 52\n878 64 55\n879 68 51\n880 63 54\n881 64 50\n882 68 58\n883 73 47\n884 63 40\n885 50 38\n886 29 61\n887 14 61\n888 14 53\n889 42 6\n890 58 6\n891 58 6\n892 77 39\n893 93 56\n894 93 44\n895 93 37\n896 93 31\n897 93 25\n898 93 26\n899 93 27\n900 93 25\n901 93 21\n902 93 22\n903 93 24\n904 93 23\n905 93 27\n906 93 34\n907 93 32\n908 93 26\n909 93 31\n910 93 34\n911 93 31\n912 93 33\n913 93 36\n914 93 37\n915 93 34\n916 93 30\n917 93 32\n918 93 35\n919 93 35\n920 93 32\n921 93 28\n922 93 23\n923 94 18\n924 95 18\n925 96 17\n926 95 13\n927 96 10\n928 95 9\n929 95 7\n930 95 7\n931 96 7\n932 96 6\n933 96 6\n934 95 6\n935 90 6\n936 69 43\n937 76 62\n938 93 47\n939 93 39\n940 93 35\n941 93 34\n942 93 36\n943 93 39\n944 93 34\n945 93 26\n946 93 23\n947 93 24\n948 93 24\n949 93 22\n950 93 19\n951 93 17\n952 93 19\n953 93 22\n954 93 24\n955 93 23\n956 93 20\n957 93 20\n958 94 19\n959 95 19\n960 95 17\n961 96 13\n962 95 10\n963 96 9\n964 95 7\n965 95 7\n966 95 7\n967 95 6\n968 96 6\n969 96 6\n970 89 6\n971 68 6\n972 57 6\n973 66 32\n974 84 52\n975 93 46\n976 93 42\n977 93 36\n978 93 28\n979 93 23\n980 93 19\n981 93 16\n982 93 15\n983 93 16\n984 93 15\n985 93 14\n986 93 15\n987 93 16\n988 94 15\n989 93 32\n990 93 45\n991 93 43\n992 93 37\n993 93 29\n994 93 23\n995 93 20\n996 93 18\n997 93 16\n998 93 17\n999 93 16\n1000 93 15\n1001 93 15\n1002 93 15\n1003 93 14\n1004 93 15\n1005 93 15\n1006 93 14\n1007 93 13\n1008 93 14\n1009 93 14\n1010 93 15\n1011 93 16\n1012 93 17\n1013 93 20\n1014 93 22\n1015 93 20\n1016 93 19\n1017 93 20\n1018 93 19\n1019 93 19\n1020 93 20\n1021 93 32\n1022 93 37\n1023 93 28\n1024 93 26\n1025 93 24\n1026 93 22\n1027 93 22\n1028 93 21\n1029 93 20\n1030 93 20\n1031 93 20\n1032 93 20\n1033 93 19\n1034 93 18\n1035 93 20\n1036 93 20\n1037 93 20\n1038 93 20\n1039 93 19\n1040 93 18\n1041 93 18\n1042 93 17\n1043 93 16\n1044 93 16\n1045 93 15\n1046 93 16\n1047 93 18\n1048 93 37\n1049 93 48\n1050 93 38\n1051 93 31\n1052 93 26\n1053 93 21\n1054 93 18\n1055 93 16\n1056 93 17\n1057 93 18\n1058 93 19\n1059 93 21\n1060 93 20\n1061 93 18\n1062 93 17\n1063 93 17\n1064 93 18\n1065 93 18\n1066 93 18\n1067 93 19\n1068 93 18\n1069 93 18\n1070 93 20\n1071 93 23\n1072 93 25\n1073 93 25\n1074 93 24\n1075 93 24\n1076 93 22\n1077 93 22\n1078 93 22\n1079 93 19\n1080 93 16\n1081 95 17\n1082 95 37\n1083 93 43\n1084 93 32\n1085 93 27\n1086 93 26\n1087 93 24\n1088 93 22\n1089 93 22\n1090 93 22\n1091 93 23\n1092 93 22\n1093 93 22\n1094 93 23\n1095 93 23\n1096 93 23\n1097 93 22\n1098 93 23\n1099 93 23\n1100 93 23\n1101 93 25\n1102 93 27\n1103 93 26\n1104 93 25\n1105 93 27\n1106 93 27\n1107 93 27\n1108 93 24\n1109 93 20\n1110 93 18\n1111 93 17\n1112 93 17\n1113 93 18\n1114 93 18\n1115 93 18\n1116 93 19\n1117 93 22\n1118 93 22\n1119 93 19\n1120 93 17\n1121 93 17\n1122 93 18\n1123 93 18\n1124 93 19\n1125 93 19\n1126 93 20\n1127 93 19\n1128 93 20\n1129 93 25\n1130 93 30\n1131 93 31\n1132 93 26\n1133 93 21\n1134 93 18\n1135 93 20\n1136 93 25\n1137 93 24\n1138 93 21\n1139 93 21\n1140 93 22\n1141 93 22\n1142 93 28\n1143 93 29\n1144 93 23\n1145 93 21\n1146 93 18\n1147 93 16\n1148 93 16\n1149 93 16\n1150 93 17\n1151 93 17\n1152 93 17\n1153 93 17\n1154 93 23\n1155 93 26\n1156 93 22\n1157 93 18\n1158 93 16\n1159 93 16\n1160 93 17\n1161 93 19\n1162 93 18\n1163 93 16\n1164 93 19\n1165 93 22\n1166 93 25\n1167 93 29\n1168 93 27\n1169 93 22\n1170 93 18\n1171 93 16\n1172 93 19\n1173 93 19\n1174 93 17\n1175 93 17\n1176 93 17\n1177 93 16\n1178 93 16\n1179 93 15\n1180 93 16\n1181 93 15\n1182 93 17\n1183 93 21\n1184 93 30\n1185 93 53\n1186 93 54\n1187 93 38\n1188 93 30\n1189 93 24\n1190 93 20\n1191 95 20\n1192 96 18\n1193 96 15\n1194 96 11\n1195 95 9\n1196 95 8\n1197 96 7\n1198 94 33\n1199 93 46\n1200 93 37\n1201 16 8\n1202 0 0\n1203 0 0\n1204 0 0\n1205 0 0\n1206 0 0\n1207 0 0\n1208 0 0\n1209 0 0","path":["Title 40—Protection of Environment","CHAPTER I—ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY","SUBCHAPTER U—AIR POLLUTION CONTROLS","PART 1048—CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW, LARGE NONROAD SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-40.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:26:04Z","sha256":"82d30b7c044a64eda16a270cf66cadd31256b3364943572da4826da5b93d7046","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/40-cfr-appendix-i-to-part-1048","next":"us/40-cfr-1051.1"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}