{"data":{"id":"us/45-cfr-2554.6","jurisdiction":"us","citation":"45 CFR 2554.6","heading":"What does the phrase “know or have reason to know” mean?","body":"A person knows or has reason to know (that a claim or statement is false) if the person:\n(a) Has actual knowledge that the claim or statement is false, fictitious, or fraudulent; or\n(b) Acts in deliberate ignorance of the truth or falsity of the claim or statement; or\n(c) Acts in reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the claim or statement.","path":["Title 45—Public Welfare","Subtitle B—Regulations Relating to Public Welfare","CHAPTER XXV—CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE","PART 2554—PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS"],"source_url":"https://www.ecfr.gov/api/versioner/v1/full/2026-08-25/title-45.xml","current_through":"2026-08-25","vintage":"","retrieved_at":"2026-08-27T02:26:21Z","sha256":"6d53a2cc96f531d2ceea775dc7527c97d6674aa2534032fd0492cda05626b528","source_id":"us-cfr","stale":true,"prev":"us/45-cfr-2554.5","next":"us/45-cfr-2554.7"},"notice":"GroundRules: Original legal text. Not legal advice."}