Colorado · Through Colorado Revised Statutes 2026

C.R.S. § 40-10.1-605: Operational requirements - criminal history record check - driver verification - driver impersonation - misdemeanor - audio and video recording - deactivation - food or beverages - reviews and ratings - rules.

(1) The following requirements apply to the provision of services:

(a) A driver shall not provide services unless a transportation network company has matched the driver to a rider through a digital network. A driver shall not solicit or accept the on-demand summoning of a ride, otherwise known as a "street hail".

(b) A transportation network company shall make available to prospective riders and drivers the method by which the transportation network company calculates fares or the applicable rates being charged and an option to receive an estimated fare.

(c) Upon completion of a prearranged ride, a transportation network company shall transmit to the rider an electronic receipt, either by electronic mail or via text message, documenting:

(I) The point of origin and destination of the prearranged ride;

(II) The total duration and distance of the prearranged ride;

(III) The total fare paid, including the base fare and any additional charges incurred for distance traveled or duration of the prearranged ride; and

(IV) The driver's first name and telephone number.

(d) Before permitting a person to act as a driver on its digital network, a transportation network company shall confirm that the person has self-certified to the transportation network company through the transportation network company's online application or digital network that he or she is physically and mentally fit to drive, is at least twenty-one years of age, and possesses:

(I) A valid driver's license;

(II) Proof of automobile insurance; and

(III) Proof of a Colorado vehicle registration.

(IV) (Deleted by amendment, L. 2021.)

(e) A driver shall not offer or provide transportation network company services for more than twelve consecutive hours.

(f) A transportation network company shall implement an intoxicating substance policy for drivers that disallows any amount of intoxication of the driver while providing services. The transportation network company shall include on its website and mobile device application software a notice concerning the transportation network company's intoxicating substance policy.

(g) (I) A transportation network company shall conduct or have a certified mechanic conduct a safety inspection of a prospective driver's vehicle before it is approved for use as a personal vehicle and shall have periodic inspections of personal vehicles conducted thereafter, at intervals of at least one inspection per year. A safety inspection shall include an inspection of:

(A) Foot brakes;

(B) Emergency brakes;

(D) Windshield;

(E) Rear window and other glass;

(F) Windshield wipers;

(G) Headlights;

(H) Tail lights;

(I) Turn indicator lights;

(J) Stop lights;

(K) Front seat adjustment mechanism;

(L) The opening, closing, and locking capability of the doors;

(M) Horn;

(N) Speedometer;

(O) Bumpers;

(P) Muffler and exhaust system;

(Q) Tire conditions, including tread depth;

(R) Interior and exterior rear-view mirrors; and

(S) Safety belts.

(II) Effective ninety days after June 5, 2014, the commission may also conduct inspections of personal vehicles.

(h) A personal vehicle must:

(I) Have at least four doors; and

(II) Be designed to carry no more than eight passengers, including the driver.

(i) A transportation network company shall make the following disclosure to a prospective driver in the prospective driver's terms of service:

While operating on the transportation network company's digital network, your personal automobile insurance policy might not afford liability coverage, depending on the policy's terms.

(j) (I) A transportation network company shall make the following disclosure to a prospective driver in the prospective driver's terms of service:

If the vehicle that you plan to use to provide transportation network company services for our transportation network company has a lien against it, you must notify the lienholder that you will be using the vehicle for transportation services that may violate the terms of your contract with the lienholder.

(II) The disclosure set forth in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (j) must be placed prominently in the prospective driver's written terms of service, and the prospective driver must acknowledge the terms of service electronically or by signature.

(k) A transportation network company shall make available to a rider a customer support telephone number on its digital network or website for rider inquiries.

(l) The disclosure requirements set forth in this subsection (1) take effect on July 1, 2014.

(m) (I) A transportation network company shall not disclose to a third party any personally identifiable information concerning a user of the transportation network company's digital network unless:

(A) The transportation network company obtains the user's consent to disclose personally identifiable information;

(B) Disclosure is necessary to comply with a legal obligation; or

(C) Disclosure is necessary to protect or defend the terms and conditions for use of the service or to investigate violations of the terms and conditions.

(II) The limitation on disclosure does not apply to the disclosure of aggregated user data and other information about the user that is not personally identifiable.

(n) Any taxicab company or shuttle company authorized by the commission under this article may convert to a transportation network company model or may set up a subsidiary or affiliate transportation network company. In converting to a transportation network company model or setting up a transportation network company subsidiary or affiliate, a taxicab company or shuttle company authorized by the commission under this article may completely or partially suspend its certificate of public convenience and necessity issued under section 40-10.1-201. During the period of suspension of its certificate of public convenience and necessity, a taxicab company, shuttle company, or subsidiary or affiliate of a taxicab company or shuttle company is exempt from taxi or shuttle standards under this article, the standards concerning the regulation of rates and charges under article 3 of this title, and any commission rules regarding common carriers promulgated under this article or article 3 of this title.

(o) Each transportation network company shall require that each personal vehicle providing transportation network company services display an exterior marking that identifies the personal vehicle as a vehicle for hire.

(p) A transportation network company that, for remuneration from a school or school district, provides services for students to or from a school, school-related activities, or school-sanctioned activities shall enter into a contract with the appropriate school or school district that may include specific provisions for the safety of student passengers, as determined by the school or school district.

(q) A transportation network company that, for remuneration from a school or school district, provides services for students to or from a school, school-related activities, or school-sanctioned activities shall use a technology-enabled integrated solution that provides end-to-end visibility into the ride for the transportation network company, the student's legal guardian, and the person that scheduled the ride. This solution must allow for global positioning system monitoring of the ride in real time for safety-related anomalies.

(r) A transportation network company that, for remuneration from a school or school district, provides services for students to or from a school, school-related activities, or school-sanctioned activities shall ensure that each driver providing the service receives training in mandatory reporting requirements, safe driving practices, first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, education on special considerations for transporting students with disabilities, emergency preparedness, and safe pick-up and drop-off procedures. The transportation network company, not the driver, shall pay the cost of providing the training. No later than September 1, 2022, the commission shall, in coordination with the department of education, promulgate rules providing for the approval of the training used, and the transportation network company must have the training approved by the commission.

(2) A transportation network company or a third party shall retain true and accurate inspection records for at least fourteen months after an inspection was conducted for each personal vehicle used by a driver.

(3) (a) Before a person is permitted to act as a driver through use of a transportation network company's digital network, the person shall:

(I) Obtain a criminal history record check pursuant to the procedures set forth in section 40-10.1-110 as supplemented by the commission's rules promulgated under section 40-10.1-110 or through a privately administered national criminal history record check, including the national sex offender database; and

(II) If a privately administered national criminal history record check is used, provide a copy of the criminal history record check to the transportation network company.

(b) A driver shall obtain a criminal history record check in accordance with subparagraph (I) of paragraph (a) of this subsection (3) every five years while serving as a driver.

(b) A transportation network company shall obtain a privately administered criminal history record check of each individual serving as a driver through use of the transportation network company's digital network every six months while the individual serves as a driver.

(b.5) A large-scale transportation network company shall pay the costs of a criminal history record check conducted pursuant to this subsection (3).

(b.7) A transportation network company shall share the results of each criminal history record check conducted pursuant to this section with the driver who is the subject of the background check.

(c) (I) A person who has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol in the previous seven years before applying to become a driver shall not serve as a driver. If the criminal history record check reveals that the person has ever been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to any of the following felony offenses, the person shall not serve as a driver:

(A) An offense involving fraud, as described in article 5 of title 18, C.R.S.;

(B) An offense involving unlawful sexual behavior, as defined in section 16-22-102 (9), C.R.S.;

(D) A crime of violence, as described in section 18-1.3-406, C.R.S.

(c) (I) An individual who has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol in the previous seven years before applying to become a driver shall not serve as a driver. If the criminal history record check performed pursuant to subsection (3)(a) or (3)(b) of this section reveals that the individual has ever been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to any of the following offenses, the individual shall not serve as a driver:

(A) A felony offense involving fraud, as described in article 5 of title 18;

(B) An offense involving unlawful sexual behavior, as defined in section 16-22-102 (9);

(D) A felony crime of violence, as defined in section 18-1.3-406 (2);

(E) A felony offense involving domestic violence, as defined in section 18-6-800.3 (1);

(F) A felony offense involving stalking, as described in section 18-3-602;

(G) A felony offense involving menacing, as described in section 18-3-206;

(H) Indecent exposure, as described in section 18-7-302; or

(I) Public indecency, as described in section 18-7-301.

(II) A person who has been convicted of a comparable offense to the offenses listed in subparagraph (I) of this paragraph (c) in another state or in the United States shall not serve as a driver.

(II) An individual who has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to a comparable offense to the offenses listed in subsection (3)(c)(I) of this section in another state or in the United States shall not serve as a driver.

(III) A transportation network company or a third party shall retain true and accurate results of the criminal history record check for each driver that provides services for the transportation network company for at least five years after the criminal history record check was conducted.

(IV) A person who has, within the immediately preceding five years, been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to a felony shall not serve as a driver.

(V) An individual shall not serve as a driver for a transportation network company if the individual is confirmed by a transportation network company or the commission to have been disqualified or removed from driving for a transportation service regulated under this title 40 or disqualified or removed from driving under a substantially similar law of another state for an incident involving any of the following activities:

(A) A felony offense involving fraud, as described in article 5 of title 18;

(B) An offense involving unlawful sexual behavior, as defined in section 16-22-102 (9);

(D) A felony crime of violence, as defined in section 18-1.3-406 (2);

(E) A felony offense involving domestic violence, as defined in section 18-6-800.3 (1);

(F) A felony offense involving stalking, as described in section 18-3-602;

(G) A felony offense involving menacing, as described in section 18-3-206;

(H) Indecent exposure, as described in section 18-7-302; or

(I) Public indecency, as described in section 18-7-301.

(VI) If a person files a complaint with a transportation network company or the commission regarding the allegations described in section 8-4-127 (3)(b)(V) against a driver through use of the transportation network company's digital network, the transportation network company shall procure and pay for a privately administered criminal history record check for the driver and initiate a review of the driver for deactivation as described in section 8-4-127 (3)(b)(V).

(d) On or before June 1, 2028, the commission shall create a process by rule for sharing information, both punitive and exonerative, between transportation network companies regarding the deactivation of drivers.

(e)

(I) A transportation network company shall conduct an internal deactivation reconsideration of a challenged deactivation in accordance with section 8-4-127 (5)(b).

(II) The transportation network company's resolution of a driver's challenge to a deactivation must include the option for the party that filed a complaint described in subsection (3)(c)(VI) of this section to opt in to receive updates that the transportation network company sends through the transportation network company's digital platform and via email detailing the disposition of the driver's challenge.

(4) (a) Before permitting an individual to act as a driver on its digital network, a transportation network company shall obtain and review a driving history research report for the individual.

(b) An individual with the following moving violations shall not serve as a driver:

(I) More than three moving violations in the three-year period preceding the individual's application to serve as a driver; or

(II) A major moving violation in the three-year period preceding the individual's application to serve as a driver, whether committed in this state, another state, or the United States, including vehicular eluding, as described in section 18-9-116.5, C.R.S., reckless driving, as described in section 42-4-1401, C.R.S., and driving under restraint, as described in section 42-2-138, C.R.S.

(c) A transportation network company or a third party shall retain true and accurate results of the driving history research report for each driver that provides services for the transportation network company for at least three years.

(5) (a) If a person files a complaint with the commission against a transportation network company or driver, the commission may inspect the transportation network company's records as reasonably necessary to perform the commission's regulatory functions.

(b) If a person files a complaint against a transportation network company or driver, the transportation network company shall respond to a subpoena or search warrant for information related to the complaint from a court, the office of the attorney general, a district attorney's office, the commission, or a law enforcement agency no later than seventy-two hours after the request is made, unless otherwise agreed upon by the subpoenaing party.

(6) (a) A transportation network company shall provide services to the public in a nondiscriminatory manner, regardless of: Geographic location of the departure point or destination once the driver and rider have been matched through the digital network; race; ethnicity; gender; sexual orientation, as defined in section 2-4-401 (13.5); gender identity, as defined in section 2-4-401 (3.5); gender expression, as defined in section 2-4-401 (3.4); or disability that could prevent customers from accessing transportation. A driver shall not refuse to transport a passenger unless:

(I) The passenger is acting in an unlawful, disorderly, or endangering manner;

(II) The passenger is unable to care for himself or herself and is not in the charge of a responsible companion; or

(III) The driver has already committed to providing a ride for another rider.

(b) A transportation network company shall not impose additional charges for providing services to persons with physical or mental disabilities because of those disabilities.

(d) If a rider with physical or mental disabilities requires the use of the rider's mobility equipment, a driver shall store the mobility equipment in the vehicle during a prearranged ride if the vehicle is reasonably capable of storing the mobility equipment. If the driver is unable to store a rider's mobility equipment in the driver's vehicle, the driver shall refer the rider to another driver or transportation service provider with a vehicle that is equipped to accommodate the rider's mobility equipment.

(e) Except for transportation network companies that provide a majority of services for school districts or schools pursuant to a contract required by subsection (1)(p) of this section:

(I) A transportation network company shall mandate and provide education to drivers concerning the transportation of riders with service animals, including education on the prohibition against denying a service animal from accompanying a rider pursuant to subsection (6)(c) of this section;

(II) A driver shall complete the mandatory service animal education no later than six months after the driver is first onboarded on the transportation network company's digital platform or six months after January 1, 2027, whichever is later;

(III) A transportation network company may restrict or suspend a driver's access to its digital platform if the driver fails to complete the mandatory service animal education within the six-month period described in subsection (6)(e)(II) of this section; and

(IV) As soon as practicable, a transportation network company shall adopt a policy that prohibits unlawful discrimination, as described in this subsection (6), and shall:

(A) Provide the policy to each driver on the transportation network company's digital network; and

(B) Post the policy on the transportation network company's website.

(7)

(a) A transportation network company is not liable for a driver's violation of subsection (6) of this section unless the driver's violation has been previously reported to the transportation network company in writing, and the transportation network company has failed to reasonably address the alleged violation. The commission shall afford a transportation network company the same due process rights afforded transportation providers in defending against civil penalties assessed by the commission.

(b) The commission may assess a civil penalty up to five hundred fifty dollars under this subsection (7).

(7)

(a) The commission shall take into consideration a transportation network company's good faith efforts, including efforts described in subsection (6), (9)(b), or (9)(c) of this section, to remediate a driver's first violation of subsection (6) of this section and the total number of violations by a transportation network company that have occurred in the preceding twelve months in determining whether to assess civil penalties and the amount of the civil penalties assessed by the commission pursuant to subsection (7)(b) of this section.

(b) The commission may assess a civil penalty in an amount up to one thousand three hundred dollars for a transportation network company's violation of subsection (6), (9)(b), or (9)(c) of this section.

(7.3) (a) A transportation network company shall provide regular safety training to each driver and each rider.

(b) On or before June 1, 2028, the commission shall adopt rules establishing requirements and procedures for driver and rider safety training conducted pursuant to subsection (7.3)(a) of this section, including the required frequency of training.

(7.5)

(a) A large-scale transportation network company shall not charge a fee or increase the cost of a prearranged ride for a rider solely on the basis of the rider opting in to audio and video recording of a prearranged ride.

(b) On or before June 1, 2028, the commission shall adopt rules for large-scale transportation network companies:

(I) Establishing requirements and procedures for audio and video recording of each prearranged ride, including rules regarding:

(A) The deadlines for implementation of audio and video recording;

(B) The ability for drivers to opt in to audio and video recording for each prearranged ride and the cadence for automatically opting in drivers;

(D) On-device recording deletion capabilities and restrictions;

(E) Access to, ownership of, storage of, encryption of, and retention periods for audio and video recordings, considering the capabilities and limitations of in-use technology and including measures to promote victim-survivor privacy and choice;

(F) Notifications to drivers and riders of audio and video recording and information regarding how to reject a trip;

(G) Integration of audio and video recording into a transportation network company's digital platform; and

(H) Prohibitions on charging a fee or increasing the cost of a prearranged ride for a rider solely on the basis of the rider opting in to audio and video recording;

(II) Governing technology failures related to audio and video recording of each prearranged ride, including rules that hold harmless a transportation network company for a technological failure outside of the control of the transportation network company if the transportation network company is otherwise acting in good faith to conduct audio and video recording of a prearranged ride;

(III) Determining if and when a transportation network company shall reimburse a driver for technology to enable audio and video recording of a prearranged ride; and

(IV) Establishing appropriate timelines for large-scale transportation network companies to comply with this section and rules adopted pursuant to this section.

(c) (I) Until the commission adopts rules pursuant to subsection (7.5)(b) of this section, a large-scale transportation network company shall:

(A) Make best efforts to obtain all audio and video recordings from a driver's or rider's device related to a reported safety incident during a prearranged ride and retain the recording for at least thirty days after receipt unless otherwise determined by the commission by rule;

(B) Notwithstanding subsection (7.5)(c)(I) of this section, if a person files a complaint against a transportation network company with the transportation network company or the commission and the transportation network company receive notice of the complaint within thirty days after the prearranged ride, unless otherwise determined by the commission by rule, or a prearranged ride is the subject of an active law enforcement investigation and the transportation network company receives notice of the investigation within thirty days after the prearranged ride, the transportation network company shall retain any received audio and video recordings related to the complaint or investigation for one year after the prearranged ride or until the investigation is completed, whichever is longer.

(II) A transportation network company may retain safety-related audio and video recordings for as long as necessary to address potential litigation requirements.

(d) (I) On or before June 1, 2028, the commission shall adopt rules establishing requirements and procedures for audio and video recording for small-scale transportation network companies, including rules regarding:

(A) The ability for drivers and riders to opt in to audio and video recording, considering the capabilities, resources, and unique business model of small-scale transportation network companies and impacts to drivers' cancellation rate metrics;

(B) Access to, ownership of, storage of, encryption of, and retention periods for audio and video recordings;

(D) Establishing appropriate timelines for small-scale transportation network companies to comply with this section and rules adopted pursuant to this section.

(II) Rules adopted pursuant to this subsection (7.5)(d) do not apply to a transportation network company that is described in subsection (12) of this section.

(7.7) A transportation network company shall maintain clear policies prohibiting drivers or riders from offering, selling, or providing food or beverages to another driver or rider unless:

(a) The food or beverages are factory-sealed;

(b) A rider is offering food or beverages to another rider who is in the same party; or

(7.8)

(a) A transportation network company that maintains a rating system shall not:

(I) Alter the rating a rider assigned a driver or the rating a driver assigned a rider on the transportation network company's digital platform;

(II) Assign an automatic or default driver rating that the rider did not assign; or

(III) Assign an automatic or default rider rating that the driver did not assign.

(b) A transportation network company may delete ratings or reviews that are plausibly motivated by fraud or bias. A transportation network company shall not consider negative ratings or reviews that are motivated by fraud or bias in a review of a driver for deactivation conducted pursuant to subsection (3)(c)(VI) of this section or an internal deactivation reconsideration conducted pursuant to subsection (3)(e) of this section or section 8-4-127 (5).

(8) Within ten days of receiving a complaint about a driver's alleged violation of subsection (6) of this section, the commission shall report the complaint to the transportation network company for which the driver provides services.

(9) A driver shall immediately report to the transportation network company any refusal to transport a passenger pursuant to paragraph (a) of subsection (6) of this section, and the transportation network company shall annually report all such refusals to the commission in a form and manner determined by the commission.

(9)

(a) A driver shall immediately report to the transportation network company any refusal to transport a passenger pursuant to subsection (6) of this section.

(b) The transportation network company shall report any refusals to transport in violation of subsection (6) of this section to the commission on a monthly basis in a form and manner determined by the commission; except that a transportation network company that provides a majority of services for school districts or schools pursuant to a contract required by subsection (1)(p) of this section shall submit the reports on a quarterly basis.

(c) Except for transportation network companies that provide a majority of services for school districts or schools pursuant to a contract required by subsection (1)(p) of this section, a transportation network company shall provide a mechanism to allow a consumer to report directly on the transportation network company's digital platform a driver's refusal to transport the consumer in violation of subsection (6) of this section. The reporting mechanism must be accessible and easily navigable on the digital platform. The transportation network company shall include any consumer reports received pursuant to this subsection (9)(c) in the transportation network company's monthly reports submitted pursuant to subsection (9)(b) of this section.

(d) The commission shall aggregate and anonymize the data included in the monthly reports submitted pursuant to subsections (9)(b) and (9)(c) of this section; include in the aggregated, anonymized monthly reports information on the annual number of refusals to transport in violation of subsection (6) of this section and this subsection (9), including the number of investigations and remediations made; and make the aggregated, anonymized monthly reports available to the public.

(10) A transportation network company shall not use a driver to provide services for students to or from a school, school-related activities, or school-sanctioned activities for remuneration from a school or school district if the driver has been convicted of or pled guilty or nolo contendere to an offense described in section 22-32-109.8 (6.5).

(11)

(a) Except as provided in subsections (11)(b) and (11)(c) of this section, a transportation network company that provides services pursuant to subsection (1)(p) of this section is governed exclusively by the terms of the contract; this part 6, except wherein a transportation network company that provides services pursuant to subsection (1)(p) of this section is explicitly exempted from a provision of this part 6; and rules that the commission adopts pursuant to this part 6.

(b) Subsection (7) of this section does not apply to transportation network company services provided pursuant to subsection (1)(p) of this section, but applies to all other transportation network company services.

(c) This subsection (11) does not limit a transportation network company's or a driver's obligations under applicable state or federal nondiscrimination or public accommodation laws, including public accommodation liability laws under part 6 of article 34 of title 24, for denial of services or other prohibited discriminatory behavior.

(12) Subsections (3)(e), (7.5), (7.7), and (7.8) of this section do not apply to a transportation network company that:

(a) Either serves riders, at least seventy-five percent of whom are minors, or earns at least ninety percent of the transportation network company's revenue from contracts with a public or private school, the federal government, the state, or an agency or a political subdivision of the federal government or of the state; and

(b) Has at least ninety percent of the transportation network company's drivers in compliance with the commission's rules adopted pursuant to section 40-10.1-608 (3)(a).

(13) (a) An individual shall not impersonate a driver or engage in an act that falsely represents that the individual is representing a transportation network company or is responding to a rider's request for transportation network company services.

(b) An individual who violates this section commits a class 2 misdemeanor and shall be punished as provided in section 18-1.3-501 (1)(a.5); except that an individual who commits a violation of this section during the commission of a felony offense commits a class 6 felony and shall be punished as provided in section 18-1.3-401 (1)(a)(V.5).

(c) Nothing in this subsection (13) precludes the prosecution of conduct forming the basis of a violation of this subsection (13) under the criminal impersonation statute, section 18-5-113, or any other relevant criminal statute.

(14) (a) A transportation network company shall conduct frequent checks utilizing facial recognition software or equally or more effective technology, as approved by the commission, to prevent driver impersonation in accordance with rules adopted by the commission pursuant to subsection (14)(b) of this section.

(b) On or before eighteen months after August 12, 2026, the commission shall adopt rules establishing requirements and procedures for frequent checks utilizing facial recognition software or equally or more effective technology, as approved by the commission, to prevent driver impersonation prohibited pursuant to subsection (13)(a) of this section.

(I) Either serves riders, at least seventy-five percent of whom are minors, or earns at least ninety percent of the transportation network company's revenue from contracts with a public or private school, the federal government, the state, or an agency or political subdivision of the federal government or of the state; and

(II) Has at least ninety percent of the transportation network company's drivers in compliance with the commission's rules adopted pursuant to section 40-10.1-608 (3)(a).

(15) (a) A transportation network company shall provide information about the commission to a rider, including how the rider may contact the commission to file a complaint using the transportation network company's digital network used to connect with a driver, in accordance with rules adopted by the commission pursuant to subsection (15)(b) of this section.

(b) On or before eighteen months after August 12, 2026, the commission shall adopt rules establishing requirements and procedures for a transportation network company to provide information about the commission, including contact information for the commission, to a rider pursuant to subsection (15)(a) of this section.

(c) To aid in the processing of transportation network company customer complaints, commission staff who process complaints from the general public shall receive training in trauma-informed practices.

Where this section sits in the code

Title 40 - UTILITIES
Article 10.1 - Motor Carriers
Part 6 - TRANSPORTATION NETWORK COMPANIES