N.D. Cent. Code § 35-35-01: Definitions

1."Filing officer" includes a county recorder, the secretary of state, and any other government employee who is required in the course of the employee's duties to file or record liens.

2."Nonconsensual common-law lien" means a document that purports to assert a lien against real or personal property of any person and:

a.Is not expressly provided for by a specific state or federal statute;

b.Does not depend upon the consent of the owner of the property affected; and

c.Is not an equitable or constructive lien imposed by a state or federal court of competent jurisdiction.