N.D. Cent. Code § 45-14-02: (202) Formation of partnership

1.Except as otherwise provided in subsection 2, the association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners a business for profit forms a partnership, whether or not the persons intend to form a partnership.

2.An association formed under a statute other than chapters 45-13 through 45-21, a predecessor statute, or a comparable statute of another jurisdiction is not a partnership under chapters 45-13 through 45-21.

3.In determining whether a partnership is formed, the following rules apply:

a.Joint tenancy, tenancy in common, tenancy by the entireties, joint property, common property, or part ownership does not by itself establish a partnership, even if the co-owners share profits made by the use of the property.

b.The sharing of gross returns does not by itself establish a partnership, even if the persons sharing them have a joint or common right or interest in property from which the returns are derived.

c.A person who receives a share of the profits of a business is presumed to be a partner in the business, unless the profits were received in payment:

(1)Of a debt by installments or otherwise;

(2)For services as an independent contractor or of wages or other compensation to an employee;

(3)Of rent;

(4)Of an annuity or other retirement benefit to a beneficiary, representative, or designee of a deceased or retired partner;

(5)Of interest or other charge on a loan, even if the amount of payment varies with the profits of the business, including a direct or indirect present or future ownership of the collateral, or rights to income, proceeds, or increase in value derived from the collateral; or

(6)For the sale of the goodwill of a business or other property by installments or otherwise.