N.Y. Civil Practice Law & Rules § 4312: Number of referees; qualifications

Rule 4312. Number of referees; qualifications. 1. A court may

designate either one or three referees; provided, however, a judicial

hearing officer may be designated a referee, in which case there shall

be only one referee. Except by consent of the parties, no person shall

be designated a referee unless he is an attorney admitted to practice in

the state and in good standing. Where a referee may be designated by

the parties, they may designate any number of referees.

2. Except in matrimonial actions or where the reference is to a

judicial hearing officer, a person to whom all the parties object may

not be designated as a referee. In matrimonial actions, only a judicial

hearing officer or a special referee appointed by the chief

administrator of the courts may be designated to determine an issue. In

a matrimonial action the court shall not order a reference to a referee

nominated by a party.

3. No person shall serve as referee who holds the position of court

clerk, or clerk, secretary or stenographer to a judge; or who is the

partner or clerk of an attorney for any party to the action or occupies

the same office with such attorney, except as provided in paragraph five

of this rule.

4. A judge shall not serve as a referee in an action brought in a

court of which he is a judge except by the written consent of the

parties, and, in that case, he cannot receive any compensation as

referee.

5. In uncontested matrimonial actions, a court clerk, law secretary,

or any other non-judicial employee of the court, who is an attorney in

good standing admitted to practice in the state, may be appointed by an

administrative judge to serve without fee as a referee for the purpose

of hearing and reporting to the court.