N.Y. Const. art. I, § 17: Labor not a commodity; hours and wages in public work; right to organize and bargain collectively

§ 17. Labor of human beings is not a commodity nor an article of

commerce and shall never be so considered or construed.

No laborer, worker or mechanic, in the employ of a contractor or

sub-contractor engaged in the performance of any public work, shall be

permitted to work more than eight hours in any day or more than five

days in any week, except in cases of extraordinary emergency; nor shall

he or she be paid less than the rate of wages prevailing in the same

trade or occupation in the locality within the state where such public

work is to be situated, erected or used.

Employees shall have the right to organize and to bargain collectively

through representatives of their own choosing.