N.Y. Criminal Procedure Law § 40.30: Previous prosecution; what constitutes

§ 40.30 Previous prosecution; what constitutes.

1. Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person "is

prosecuted" for an offense, within the meaning of section 40.20, when he

is charged therewith by an accusatory instrument filed in a court of

this state or of any jurisdiction within the United States, and when the

action either:

(a) Terminates in a conviction upon a plea of guilty; or

(b) Proceeds to the trial stage and a jury has been impaneled and

sworn or, in the case of a trial by the court without a jury, a witness

is sworn.

2. Despite the occurrence of proceedings specified in subdivision

one, a person is not deemed to have been prosecuted for an offense,

within the meaning of section 40.20, when:

(a) Such prosecution occurred in a court which lacked jurisdiction

over the defendant or the offense; or

(b) Such prosecution was for a lesser offense than could have been

charged under the facts of the case, and the prosecution was procured by

the defendant, without the knowledge of the appropriate prosecutor, for

the purpose of avoiding prosecution for a greater offense.

3. Despite the occurrence of proceedings specified in subdivision

one, if such proceedings are subsequently nullified by a court order

which restores the action to its pre-pleading status or which directs a

new trial of the same accusatory instrument, the nullified proceedings

do not bar further prosecution of such offense under the same accusatory

instrument.

4. Despite the occurrence of proceedings specified in subdivision

one, if such proceedings are subsequently nullified by a court order

which dismisses the accusatory instrument but authorizes the people to

obtain a new accusatory instrument charging the same offense or an

offense based upon the same conduct, the nullified proceedings do not

bar further prosecution of such offense under any new accusatory

instrument obtained pursuant to such court order or authorization.