N.Y. Penal Law § 415.00: Seizure and forfeiture of vehicles, vessels and aircraft used to transport or conceal gambling records

§ 415.00 Seizure and forfeiture of vehicles, vessels and aircraft used

to transport or conceal gambling records.

1. It shall be unlawful to transport, carry, convey or conceal in,

upon or by means of any vehicle, vessel or aircraft, with knowledge of

the contents thereof, any writing, paper, instrument or article:

(a) Of a kind commonly used in the operation or promotion of a

bookmaking scheme or enterprise, and constituting, reflecting or

representing more than five bets totaling more than five thousand

dollars; or

(b) Of a kind commonly used in the operation, promotion or playing of

a lottery or policy scheme or enterprise, and constituting, reflecting

or representing more than five hundred plays or chances therein.

2. Any vehicle, vessel or aircraft which has been or is being used in

violation of subdivision one by a person other than a bettor, player or

shareholder whose bets, plays or shares are represented by all such

writings, papers, instruments or articles, shall be seized by any peace

officer, who is acting pursuant to his special duties, or police

officer, and forfeited as provided in this section. However, such

forfeiture and seizure provisions shall not apply to any vehicle, vessel

or aircraft used by any person as a common carrier in the transaction of

business as such common carrier.

3. The seized property shall be delivered by the police officer or

peace officer having made the seizure to the custody of the district

attorney of the county wherein the seizure was made, except that in the

cities of New York, Yonkers and Buffalo, the seized property shall be

delivered to the custody of the police department of such cities,

together with a report of all the facts and circumstances of the

seizure.

4. It shall be the duty of the district attorney of the county wherein

the seizure is made, if elsewhere than in the cities of New York,

Yonkers or Buffalo, and where the seizure is made in either such city it

shall be the duty of the corporation counsel of the city, to inquire

into the facts of the seizure so reported to him and if it appears

probable that a forfeiture has been incurred by reason of a violation of

this section, for the determination of which the institution of

proceedings in the supreme court is necessary, to cause the proper

proceedings to be commenced and prosecuted, at any time after thirty

days from the date of seizure, to declare such forfeiture, unless, upon

inquiry and examination, such district attorney or corporation counsel

decides that such proceedings can not probably be sustained or that the

ends of public justice do not require that they should be instituted or

prosecuted, in which case, the district attorney or corporation counsel

shall cause such seized property to be returned to the owner thereof.

5. Notice of the institution of the forfeiture proceeding shall be

served either (a) personally on the owners of the seized property, or

(b) by registered mail to the owners' last known address and by

publication of the notice once a week for two successive weeks in a

newspaper published or circulated in the county wherein the seizure was

made.

6. Forfeiture shall not be adjudged where the owners establish by

preponderance of the evidence that (a) the use of such seized property,

in violation of subdivision one of this section, was not intentional on

the part of any owner, or (b) said seized property was used in violation

of subdivision one of this section by any person other than an owner

thereof, while such seized property was unlawfully in the possession of

a person who acquired possession thereof in violation of the criminal

laws of the United States, or of any state.

7. The district attorney or the police department having custody of

the seized property, after such judicial determination of forfeiture,

shall, at their discretion, either retain such seized property for the

official use of their office or department, or, by a public notice of at

least five days, sell such forfeited property at public sale. The net

proceeds of any such sale, after deduction of the lawful expenses

incurred, shall be paid into the general fund of the county wherein the

seizure was made except that the net proceeds of the sale of property

seized in the cities of New York, Yonkers and Buffalo shall be paid into

the respective general funds of such cities.

8. Whenever any person interested in any property which is seized and

declared forfeited under the provisions of this section files with a

justice of the supreme court a petition for the recovery of such

forfeited property, the justice of the supreme court may restore said

forfeited property upon such terms and conditions as he deems reasonable

and just, if the petitioner establishes either of the affirmative

defenses set forth in subdivision six of this section and that the

petitioner was without personal or actual knowledge of the forfeiture

proceeding. If the petition be filed after the sale of the forfeited

property, any judgment in favor of the petitioner shall be limited to

the net proceeds of such sale after deduction of the lawful expenses and

costs incurred by the district attorney, police department or

corporation counsel.

9. No suit or action under this section for wrongful seizure shall be

instituted unless such suit or action is commenced within two years

after the time when the property was seized.