N.Y. Senate Rules Rule 10, § 1: Attendance and vote

Section 1. Attendance and vote. a. Every Senator shall be present

within the Senate Chamber during the sessions of the Senate, unless duly

excused or necessarily prevented, and shall vote on each question for

which a vote is required stated from the Chair unless excused by the

Senate, or unless he or she has a direct personal or pecuniary interest

in the event of such question. If any Senator refuses to vote, unless he

or she be excused by the Senate, or unless he or she be interested, such

refusal shall be deemed a contempt. In order to vote on a bill on the

controversial calendar, a Senator, other than the Conference Leaders,

must be present in the Senate chamber and vote from his or her regularly

assigned seat, except that a Senator acting as the Presiding Officer,

Temporary President or Conference Leader may vote from the place

assigned to such officer. No Senator absent from a roll call vote shall

be allowed to vote thereon; however, within the same day, a Senator

required to attend a public hearing or other meeting of a standing or

conference committee, or any other meeting which the Majority Coalition

Leaders designate as appropriate, may cast his or her vote at any time

prior to 5:00 P.M. or the adjournment of the Senate, whichever shall be

later.

b. A Senator desiring to be excused from voting for a direct personal

or pecuniary interest in the issue then before the Senate may, when his

or her name is called, state such desire and if there be an objection

make a brief statement, not occupying over two minutes, of the reasons

for making such request, and the question on excusing him or her shall

then be taken without debate and shall be granted by the consent of

two-thirds of the Senators present; and any Senator desiring to explain

his or her vote upon a bill, may, when his or her name is called, be

allowed a like opportunity.