N.Y. Vehicle & Traffic Law § 1163: Turning movements and required signals

§ 1163. Turning movements and required signals. (a) No person shall

turn a vehicle at an intersection unless the vehicle is in proper

position upon the roadway as required in section eleven hundred sixty,

or turn a vehicle to enter a private road or driveway, or otherwise turn

a vehicle from a direct course or move right or left upon a roadway

unless and until such movement can be made with reasonable safety. No

person shall so turn any vehicle without giving an appropriate signal in

the manner hereinafter provided.

(b) A signal of intention to turn right or left when required shall be

given continuously during not less than the last one hundred feet

traveled by the vehicle before turning.

(c) No person shall stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle

without first giving an appropriate signal in the manner provided herein

to the driver of any vehicle immediately to the rear when there is

opportunity to give such signal.

(d) The signals provided for in section eleven hundred sixty-four

shall be used to indicate an intention to turn, change lanes, or start

from a parked position and not be flashed on one side only on a parked

or disabled vehicle, or flashed as a courtesy or "do pass" signal to

operators of other vehicles approaching from the rear.

(e) The driver of a vehicle equipped with simultaneously flashing

signals as provided for in subdivision eighteen-a of section three

hundred seventy-five shall use such signals when the vehicle is stopped

or disabled on a public highway, except when such vehicle is stopped in

compliance with a traffic-control device or when legally parked. The

driver of a vehicle so equipped may use such signals whenever necessary

to warn the operators of following vehicles of the presence of a traffic

hazard ahead of the signaling vehicle, or to warn the operators of other

vehicles that the signaling vehicle may itself constitute a traffic

hazard, taking into account traffic and highway conditions. No person

shall use such signals for any other purpose.