N.Y.C. Admin. Code § BC 907: Section BC 907: Fire Alarm and Detection Systems

907.1 General.

This section covers the application, installation, performance and maintenance of fire alarm systems and their components. Systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 72 and the New York City Electrical Code. Systems shall be tested and maintained in accordance with this code and the New York City Fire Code.

907.1.1 Construction documents.

Construction documents for fire alarm systems shall be submitted for review and approval to the Fire Department prior to system installation. Construction documents shall include, but not be limited to, all of the following:

1. A floor plan that indicates the use of all rooms.

2. Locations of alarm-initiating devices.

3. Locations of alarm notification appliances, including candela ratings for visible alarm notification appliances.

4. Location of fire command center, fire alarm control units, transponders and notification power supplies.

5. Location of remote annunciators.

6. Location of all primary, secondary and local sources of power.

7. Fire alarm riser diagram showing all fire alarm devices indicated on the floor plans. Quantities of devices on the floor plans shall match the quantities indicated on the riser diagram. Riser diagram shall include class and style of circuits and levels of survivability. The riser diagram shall show the interface of fire safety control functions.

8. Copies of any variances granted by the department or the Fire Department.

9. Legend of all fire alarm symbols and abbreviations used.

10. Design criteria for fire alarm audibility in various occupancies indicated on plans.

11. Fire alarm sequence of operation for the fire alarm system in a matrix format.

12. Classification of the central supervising station.

907.1.1.1 Amended construction documents.

Amendments to approved construction documents shall be submitted and approved by the Fire Department before the final inspection of the work or equipment is completed, and such amendments when approved shall be deemed part of the original construction documents. The Fire Department may allow minor revisions of construction documents to be made and submitted to the Fire Department after the completion of work but prior to sign-off of the work in accordance with rules promulgated by the Fire Department regarding such amendments.

907.1.2 Equipment.

Systems and their components shall be listed and/or approved for the purpose for which they are installed. The fire alarm control unit shall meet the requirements of the Fire Department.

907.2 Where required.

An approved fire alarm system installed in accordance with the provisions of this code and NFPA 72 shall be provided in accordance with Sections 907.2.1 through 907.2.23 and provide occupant notification in accordance with Section 907.5, unless other requirements are provided by another section of this code.

A minimum of one manual fire alarm box shall be provided in an approved location to initiate a fire alarm signal for fire alarm systems employing automatic fire detectors or waterflow detection devices. Where other sections of this code allow elimination of fire alarm boxes due to sprinklers, a single fire alarm box shall be installed.

Exceptions:

1. The manual fire alarm box is not required for fire alarm systems dedicated to elevator recall control and supervisory service.

2. The manual fire alarm box is not required for Group R-2 occupancies unless required by the Fire Department to provide a means for fire watch personnel to initiate an alarm during a sprinkler system impairment event. Where provided, the manual fire alarm box shall not be located in an area that is accessible to the public.

In all occupancies where an automatic fire alarm system is required by this section, selective coverage smoke detectors shall be located as follows, unless partial or total coverage automatic detection is specified.

1. In each mechanical equipment, electrical, transformer, telephone equipment or similar room, in elevator machine rooms, and in elevator lobbies.

2. In air distribution systems in accordance with Section 606 of the New York City Mechanical Code.

907.2.1 Group A.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in Group A occupancies where the occupant load due to the assembly occupancy is 300 or more. Group A occupancies not separated from one another in accordance with Section 707.3.10 shall be considered as a single occupancy for the purposes of applying this section. Portions of Group E occupancies occupied for assembly purposes shall be provided with a fire alarm system as required for the Group E occupancy.

Exceptions:

1. Manual fire alarm boxes are not required where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system and the notification appliances will activate upon sprinkler water flow. This exception shall not apply to Group A-2 occupancies used as a cabaret.

2. A Group A-2 occupancy used as a cabaret with an occupant load of 75 or more, including associated stages, dressing rooms, and property rooms, shall be equipped with a manual fire alarm system. Such a Group A-2 occupancy with an occupant load of 300 or more shall also be equipped with an automatic fire alarm system.

3. Group A occupancies with a stage in accordance with Section 410, and having an occupant load of 75 or more, shall be provided with a voice/alarm communication system as required by Sections 410.9 and 907.2.1.1.

907.2.1.1 System initiation in Group A occupancies.

Activation of the fire alarm in Group A-1 occupancies with an occupant load of 300 or more, and in all other Group A occupancies with an occupant load of 1,000 or more, shall initiate a presignal system in accordance with NFPA 72 at a constantly attended location from which the Fire Department shall be notified and live voice evacuation instructions shall be initiated using an emergency voice/alarm communications system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

907.2.1.2 Emergency voice/alarm communication captions.

Stadiums, arenas and grandstands required to caption audible public announcements shall be in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.4.

907.2.2 Group B.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be installed in Group B occupancies where one of the following conditions exists:

1. The combined Group B occupant load of all floors is 500 or more.

2. The Group B occupant load is more than 100 persons above or below the lowest level of exit discharge.

3. The fire area contains an ambulatory care facility, which shall comply with Section 907.2.2.1.

Where such Group B occupancies meeting any one of the above conditions are not protected by an automatic sprinkler system, a partial coverage automatic smoke detection system shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 72.

907.2.2.1 Ambulatory care facilities.

Fire areas containing ambulatory care facilities shall be provided with an electronically supervised automatic partial-coverage smoke detection system installed within the ambulatory care facility and in public use areas outside of tenant spaces and along the path of egress, including public corridors and elevator lobbies.

Exception: Buildings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1, provided the occupant notification appliances will activate throughout the notification zones upon sprinkler waterflow.

907.2.2.2 Large-area buildings.

Group B occupancies having a total gross area exceeding 100,000 square feet (9290.3 m

2

) located in buildings where the highest occupied floor is 75 feet (22 860 mm) or less above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access shall be provided with automatic smoke detection connected to an automatic fire alarm system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1 and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2 that initiates a total evacuation signal.

907.2.3 Group E.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be installed in Group E occupancies. An emergency voice/alarm communication system meeting the requirements of Section 907.5.2.2 and installed in accordance with Section 907.6 shall be installed in Group E occupancies. Automatic sprinkler systems, smoke detectors and/or other initiating devices, shall be installed in accordance with other sections of this code. When such systems, initiating devices, and/or detectors are installed, they shall be connected to the building fire alarm system.

Exception: Emergency voice/alarm communication systems meeting the requirements of Section 907.5.2.2 and installed in accordance with Section 907.6 shall not be required in Group E occupancies with occupant loads of 100 or less, provided that activation of the manual and automatic fire alarm system initiates an approved occupant notification signal in accordance with Section 907.5.

907.2.4 Group F.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be installed in Group F occupancies that are two or more stories in height and have an occupant load of 100 or more, or when 25 persons or more are above or below the lowest level of exit discharge.

907.2.5 Group H.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be installed in Group H-5 occupancies and in occupancies used for the manufacture of organic coatings. In addition to the automatic fire alarm system requirements of Section 907.2, an automatic smoke detection system shall be installed for highly toxic gases, organic peroxides and oxidizers in accordance with the New York City Fire Code

Exception: Where exempt under the New York City Fire Code.

907.2.6 Group I.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in Group I occupancies. An automatic smoke detection system that activates the occupant notification system shall be provided in accordance with Sections 907.2.6.1, 907.2.6.2 and 907.2.6.3.3.

907.2.6.1 Group I-1.

An automatic smoke detection system shall be installed in corridors, waiting areas open to corridors and habitable spaces other than sleeping units and kitchens. The system shall be activated in accordance with Section 907.5.

Exception: Smoke detection is not required for exterior balconies.

907.2.6.1.1 Smoke detectors within dwelling and sleeping units.

Smoke detectors and notification appliances shall be installed in dwelling units and such notification appliances shall activate only in the unit in which the alarm originates. Such detectors and appliances shall be annunciated by dwelling unit at a constantly attended location from which the fire alarm system is capable of being manually activated. Smoke detectors are required in the following areas:

1. Sleeping areas;

2. Every room in the path of the means of egress from the sleeping area to the door leading from the dwelling unit; and

3. Each story within the unit, including below-grade stories. For dwelling units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke detector installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level.

907.2.6.2 Group I-2.

An automatic smoke detection system shall be installed in corridors in nursing homes (both intermediate-care and skilled nursing facilities), corridors in detoxification facilities and spaces permitted to be open to the corridors by Section 407.2. The system shall be activated in accordance with Section 907.5. Hospitals shall be equipped with smoke detection as required in Section 407. A one-way voice communication system activated in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2 shall be provided at the fire command center for use by Fire Department personnel. A two-way voice communication system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.3 shall be provided for Group I-2 buildings.

907.2.6.3 Group I-3.

Group I-3 occupancies shall be equipped with a manual and automatic fire alarm system and automatic smoke detection system installed for alerting staff.

907.2.6.3.1 System initiation.

Actuation of an automatic fire-extinguishing system, automatic sprinkler system, a manual fire alarm box, a fire detector, or a smoke detector shall initiate an approved alarm signal that automatically notifies staff.

907.2.6.3.2 Manual fire alarm boxes.

Manual fire alarm boxes are not required to be located in accordance with Section 907.4.2 where the fire alarm boxes are provided at staff-attended locations having direct supervision over areas where manual fire alarm boxes have been omitted.

907.2.6.3.2.1 Manual fire alarm boxes in detainee areas.

Manual fire alarm boxes are allowed to be locked in areas occupied by detainees, provided that staff members are present within the subject area and have keys readily available to operate the manual fire alarm boxes.

907.2.6.3.3 Automatic smoke detection system.

An automatic smoke detection system shall be installed throughout resident housing areas, including sleeping units and contiguous day rooms, group activity spaces and other common spaces normally accessible to residents.

Exceptions:

1. Other approved smoke detection arrangements providing equivalent protection including, but not limited to, placing detectors in exhaust ducts from cells or behind protective guards listed for the purpose are allowed when necessary to prevent damage or tampering.

2. Sleeping units in Use Conditions 2 and 3 as described in Section 308.

3. Smoke detectors are not required in sleeping units with four or fewer occupants in smoke compartments that are equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.

907.2.7 Group M.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be installed in Group M occupancies where any one of the following conditions exists:

1. Where a Group M fire area exceeds 12,000 square feet (1114.8 m

2

);

2. Where a Group M fire area is located more than three stories above grade;

3. Where the combined area of all Group M fire areas on all floors, including mezzanines, exceeds 24,000 square feet (2229.7 m

2

); or

4. Where a Group M fire area in a below-grade story exceeds 1,500 square feet (139.4 m

2

).

Where such occupancies are not protected by an automatic sprinkler system, a manual fire alarm and partial coverage automatic smoke detection or automatic heat detection system shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 72.

907.2.7.1 Large-area buildings.

Group M occupancies having a total gross area exceeding 100,000 square feet (9290.3 m

2

) located in buildings where the highest occupied floor is 75 feet (22 860 mm) or less above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access and covered mall buildings having a total gross area exceeding 50,000 square feet (4645.2 m

2

) shall be provided with automatic smoke detection connected to an automatic fire alarm system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1 and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2 initiating a total evacuation signal.

907.2.8 Group R-1.

Fire alarm systems shall be installed in Group R-1 occupancies as required in Sections 907.2.8.1 through 907.2.8.5.

907.2.8.1 Manual fire alarm system.

A manual fire alarm system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in Group R-1 occupancies

Exception: A manual fire alarm system is not required in buildings not over two stories in height where all individual sleeping units and contiguous attic and crawl spaces are separated from each other and public or common areas by at least 1-hour fire partitions and each individual dwelling unit has an exit directly to a public way, exit court or yard.

907.2.8.2 Automatic smoke detection system.

An automatic smoke detection system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be installed in all public corridors serving dwelling units or sleeping units in accordance with Section 907.2.8.3.

Exception: An automatic fire detection system is not required in buildings that do not have public corridors serving sleeping units and each sleeping unit has a means of egress door opening directly to an exterior exit access that leads directly to an exit.

907.2.8.3 Smoke detectors within dwelling units and sleeping units.

Smoke detectors and audible notification appliances shall be installed in dwelling units and sleeping units and shall be annunciated by dwelling unit and sleeping unit at a constantly attended location from which the fire alarm system is capable of being manually activated. Smoke detectors are required in the following areas:

1. In sleeping areas.

2. In every room in the path of the means of egress from the sleeping area to the door leading from the dwelling unit and sleeping unit.

3. In each story within the unit, including below-grade stories. For dwelling units and sleeping units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level.

907.2.8.4 Group R-1 student dormitories.

A manual and automatic smoke detection system shall be installed in occupancies for student or school staff dormitory housing in all of the following locations:

1. Common spaces outside of sleeping units.

2. Laundry rooms, mechanical equipment rooms and storage rooms.

3. Interior corridors serving sleeping units.

Exception: An automatic smoke detection system is not required in buildings that do not have interior corridors serving sleeping units or dwelling units and where each sleeping unit or dwelling unit either has a means of egress door opening directly to an exterior exit access that leads directly to an exit or a means of egress door opening directly to an exit.

Required smoke alarms for student or staff dormitory housing shall be interconnected with the fire alarm system in accordance with NFPA 72.

907.2.8.5 Large Group R-1 occupancies.

Group R-1 occupancies with a total of more than 50 sleeping rooms above street level located in buildings where the highest occupied floor is 75 feet (22 860 mm) or less above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access, or communal sleeping facilities above street level occupied or designed to be occupied by more than 50 lodgers, shall be provided with automatic smoke detection connected to an automatic fire alarm system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1 and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2 that initiates a total evacuation signal.

907.2.9 Group R-2.

A fire alarm system without alarm notification appliances and smoke alarms shall be installed in accordance with this section in Group R-2 occupancies, other than student apartments, where such occupancy satisfies any one of the following conditions:

1. Any dwelling unit is located three or more stories above the lowest level of exit discharge, including dwelling units in penthouses of any area;

2. Any dwelling unit is located more than one story below the highest level of exit discharge of exits serving the dwelling unit; or

3. The building contains more than 16 dwelling units.

Actuation of smoke detectors shall not initiate a signal to alarm notification appliances. The activation of any detector required by this section shall initiate a signal at a central supervising station or a constantly attended location. Smoke detectors shall be located as follows:

1. In each mechanical equipment, electrical, transformer, telephone equipment or similar room.

2. In air distribution systems in accordance with Section 606 of the New York City Mechanical Code.

3. In elevator machine rooms and in elevator lobbies.

907.2.9.1 Group R-2 student apartments.

Where the main use or dominant occupancy of a building is classified as R-2 student apartments, as defined in Section 310.2, fire alarm systems shall be installed in accordance with Section 907.2.8. Where the main use or dominant occupancy of a building is not classified as R-2 student apartments and the building is occupied partially by Group R-2 student apartments, fire alarm systems shall be installed in accordance with Sections 907.2.9.1.1 through 907.2.9.2.

907.2.9.1.1 Manual fire alarm system.

A manual fire alarm system shall be installed throughout all public corridors serving student apartments and student-related uses. Student-related uses shall include common spaces such as recreation rooms, lounges, dining rooms, laundry rooms and storage rooms.

Exceptions:

1. A manual fire alarm system is not required in buildings not over two stories in height where all individual dwelling units and contiguous attic and crawl spaces are separated from each other and public or common areas by at least 1-hour fire partitions and each individual dwelling unit has an exit directly to a public way, exit court or yard.

2. A manual fire alarm system is not required in buildings containing fewer than 15 student apartments.

907.2.9.1.2 Automatic fire alarm system.

An automatic fire alarm system without alarm notification appliances shall be installed in accordance with this section in Group R-2 student apartments and student- related uses. The activation of any smoke detector required by this section shall initiate a signal at a central supervising station or a constantly attended location. Smoke detectors shall be located as follows:

1. In each mechanical equipment, electrical, transformer, telephone equipment or similar room, in elevator machine rooms, and in elevator lobbies.

2. In air distribution systems in accordance with Section 606 of the New York City Mechanical Code.

3. Throughout all public corridors serving student apartments and student-related uses. Student-related uses shall include common spaces such as recreation rooms, lounges, dining rooms, laundry rooms and storage rooms. However, smoke detectors shall not be required in such public corridors in buildings containing fewer than 15 student apartments.

Exception: An automatic fire alarm system is not required in buildings not over two stories in height where all individual dwelling units and contiguous attic and crawl spaces are separated from each other and public or common areas by at least 1-hour fire barriers and each individual dwelling unit has an exit directly to a public way, exit court or yard.

907.2.9.2 Smoke alarms.

Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms shall be installed in accordance with Section 907.2.11.

907.2.10 Group S.

A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be installed in Group S occupancies where any one of the following conditions exists:

1. Group S fire area has an occupant load of 300 occupants or more;

2. The combined occupant load of all Group S fire areas on all floors, including mezzanines, is 300 or more.

907.2.10.1 Large-area buildings.

Group S occupancies having a total gross area exceeding 500,000 square feet (46 451.5 m

2

) located in buildings, where the highest occupied floor is 75 feet (22 860) or less above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access, shall be provided with automatic smoke detection connected to an automatic fire alarm system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1 and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2 that initiates a total evacuation signal.

907.2.11 Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms.

Listed single- and multiple-station smoke alarms complying with UL 217 shall be installed in accordance with Sections 907.2.11.1 through 907.2.11.7 and NFPA 72.

907.2.11.1 Smoke alarms in Groups R-2 and R-3.

Single- or multiple-station smoke alarms shall be installed and maintained in Groups R-2 and R-3, regardless of occupant load at all of the following locations within all dwelling units:

1. On the ceiling or wall outside of each room used for sleeping purposes within 15 feet (4572 mm) from the door to such room.

2. In each room used for sleeping purposes.

3. In each story within a dwelling unit, including below-grade stories and penthouses of any area, but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics. In dwellings or dwelling units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level provided that the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level.

907.2.11.1.1 Group R-2 occupancy.

Smoke alarms shall be provided with the capability to support visible alarm notification appliances in accordance with ICC/ANSI A117.1.

907.2.11.2 Power source.

Required smoke alarms shall receive their primary power from a dedicated branch circuit or the unswitched portion of a branch circuit also used for power or lighting, or both, and shall be equipped with a battery backup. Smoke alarms shall emit a signal when the batteries are low. Wiring shall be permanent and without a disconnecting switch other than as required for over-current protection.

Exception: Smoke alarms with integral strobes shall not require battery backup provided that the smoke alarms are connected to an emergency or standby power electrical source.

907.2.11.3 Installation near cooking appliances.

Smoke alarms shall not be installed in the following locations unless this would prevent placement of a smoke alarm in a location required by Section 907.2.11.1:

1. Ionization smoke alarms shall not be installed less than 20 feet (6096 mm) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking appliance.

2. Ionization smoke alarms with an alarm-silencing switch shall not be installed less than 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking appliance.

3. Photoelectric smoke alarms shall not be installed less than 6 feet (1828.8 mm) horizontally from a permanently installed cooking appliance.

907.2.11.4 Installation near bathrooms.

Smoke alarms shall be installed not less than 3 feet (914.4 mm) horizontally from the door or opening of a bathroom that contains a bathtub or shower unless this would prevent placement of a smoke alarm required by Section 907.2.11.1.

907.2.11.5 Interconnection.

Where more than one smoke alarm is required to be installed within an individual dwelling unit or sleeping unit in Group R-2 and R-3 occupancies, the smoke alarms shall be interconnected in such a manner that the activation of one alarm will activate all of the alarms in the individual unit. Physical interconnection of smoke alarms shall not be required where listed wireless alarms are installed and all alarms sound upon activation of one alarm. The alarm shall be clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise levels with all intervening doors closed.

907.2.11.6 Smoke alarms and smoke detectors in group R occupancies.

On and after January 1, 2021, smoke alarms and smoke detectors shall not be installed or replaced in an individual dwelling or sleeping unit, including dwellings or units in prior code buildings, within an area of exclusion determined by a 20 foot (6096 mm) radial distance along a horizontal flow path from a stationary or fixed cooking appliance, unless listed in accordance with the 8th edition of UL 217 for smoke alarms or the 7th edition of UL 268 for smoke detectors.

(L.L. 2018/113, 6/9/2018, eff. 6/9/2018)

907.2.11.7 Smoke detection system.

Smoke detectors listed in accordance with UL 268 and provided as part of the building fire alarm system shall be an acceptable alternative to single and multiple station smoke alarms and shall comply with the following:

1. The fire alarm system shall comply with all applicable requirements in Section 907 of this code.

2. Activation of a smoke detector in a dwelling unit or sleeping unit shall initiate alarm notification in the dwelling unit or sleeping unit in accordance with Section 907.5.2 of this code.

3. Activation of a smoke detector in a dwelling unit or sleeping unit shall not activate alarm notification appliances outside of the dwelling unit or sleeping unit, provided that a supervisory signal is generated and monitored in accordance with Section 907.6.5 of this code.

907.2.12 Special amusement buildings.

An automatic smoke detection system shall be provided in special amusement buildings in accordance with Sections 907.2.12.1 through 907.2.12.3.

Exception: In areas where ambient conditions will cause a smoke detection system to alarm, an approved alternative type of automatic detector shall be installed.

907.2.12.1 Alarm.

Actuation of a single smoke detector, automatic sprinkler system or other automatic fire detection system shall initiate a pre-signal system in accordance with NFPA 72 at a constantly attended location from which the Fire Department shall be notified and live voice evacuation instructions shall be initiated using an emergency voice/alarm communications system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

907.2.12.2 System response.

The following minimum system actuations and responses shall be required upon approval by the department and the Fire Department. The activation of two or more smoke detectors, a single smoke detector equipped with an alarm verification feature, the automatic sprinkler system or other approved fire detection device shall automatically do all of the following:

1. Cause illumination of the means of egress with light of not less than 1 footcandle (11 lux) at the walking surface level.

2. Stop any conflicting or confusing sounds and visual distractions.

3. Activate an approved directional exit marking that will become apparent in an emergency.

907.2.12.3 Emergency voice/alarm communication system.

An emergency voice/alarm communication system, which is also allowed to serve as a public address system, shall be installed in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2 and be audible throughout the entire special amusement building.

907.2.13 High-rise buildings.

In addition to the requirements of 907.2.1 through 907.2.12, buildings constructed in accordance with Section 403 and having floors used for human occupancy located more than 75 feet (22 860 mm) above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access shall be provided with automatic smoke detection connected to an automatic fire alarm system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.1, a Fire Department communication system in accordance with Section 907.2.13.2, and an emergency voice/alarm communication system in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

Exceptions:

1. Open parking garages in accordance with Section 406.5.

2. Buildings with an occupancy in Group A-5 in accordance with Section 303.6.

3. Low-hazard special occupancies in accordance with Section 503.1.1.

4. Buildings with an occupancy in Group H-1, H-2 or H-3 in accordance with Section 415.

907.2.13.1 Automatic smoke detection.

In addition to smoke detection otherwise required by this code, automatic smoke detection in high-rise buildings shall be in accordance with Sections 907.2.13.1.1 and 907.2.13.1.2.

Exception for Group R-2 occupancies: In R-2 occupancies, the activation of smoke detectors shall initiate a signal at a central supervising station or a constantly attended location and shall not initiate a signal to alarm notification appliances.

907.2.13.1.1 Automatic smoke detection.

Automatic smoke detectors shall be provided in accordance with this section. Smoke detectors shall be connected to an automatic fire alarm system. The activation of any detector required by this section shall activate the emergency voice/alarm communication system. Smoke detectors shall be located as follows:

1. In each mechanical equipment, electrical, transformer, telephone equipment or similar room.

2. In each elevator machine room and in elevator lobbies.

907.2.13.1.2 Duct smoke detection.

Duct smoke detectors complying with Section 907.3.1 shall be located in air distribution systems in accordance with Section 606 of the New York City Mechanical Code.

907.2.13.2 Fire Department communication system.

The Fire Department Auxiliary Radio Communication System (ARCS) shall be in accordance with Section 916.

907.2.13.3 Two-way communication system.

A two-way voice communication system (warden) phone that complies with the requirements of NFPA 72 shall be provided in the following locations and shall comply with the following requirements. Such phones shall communicate with the fire command center.

1. In Group B high-rise office buildings and large area office buildings, there shall be a minimum of two phones located on every floor accessible to all occupants, with each phone located within five feet of a different exit stair.

2. Where elevator lobbies are permitted to be locked, the phones provided are permitted to be connected to the fire alarm system.

3. If phones are provided in areas of rescue assistance and refuge areas, the phones are permitted to be connected to the fire alarm system.

4. Where phones are provided to meet the requirements for stairway communication systems in Section 403.5.3.1, the phones are permitted to be connected to the fire alarm system.

5. In all Group I-2 buildings, there shall be a phone located at staff attended locations, such as nurses' stations or similar locations accessible to all staff members, on every patient floor per fire/smoke zone. Phones shall also be located in areas of the building where the fire alarm does not sound.

Exception: Group R-2 occupancies.

907.2.14 Atriums connecting more than two stories.

A fire alarm system shall be installed in occupancies with an atrium that connects more than two stories, with smoke detection installed in locations as required by a rational analysis in Section 909.4 and in accordance with the system operation requirements in Section 909.17. The system shall be activated in accordance with Section 907.5. Such occupancies in Group A, E or M shall be provided with an emergency voice/alarm communication system complying with the requirements of Section 907.5.2.2.

907.2.15 High-piled combustible storage areas.

An automatic fire detection system shall be installed throughout high-piled combustible storage areas where required by the New York City Fire Code.

907.2.16 Aerosol storage uses.

Aerosol storage rooms and general-purpose warehouses containing aerosols shall be provided with an approved manual fire alarm system where required by the New York City Fire Code.

907.2.17 Lumber, wood structural panel and veneer mills.

Lumber, wood structural panel and veneer mills shall be provided with a manual fire alarm system.

907.2.18 Underground buildings with compartment smoke control system.

Where a compartment smoke control system is installed in an underground building as required by Section 405, automatic smoke detectors shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.2.18.1.

907.2.18.1 Smoke detectors.

Not fewer than one smoke detector listed for the intended purpose shall be installed in all of the following areas:

1. Mechanical equipment, electrical, transformer, telephone equipment, elevator machine or similar rooms.

2. Elevator lobbies.

3. The main supply, main return, and exhaust air plenum of each air-conditioning system serving more than one story and located in a serviceable area downstream from filters on supply ducts and in return/exhaust ducts downstream of the last duct inlet.

4. Each connection to a vertical duct or riser serving two or more floors from return air ducts or plenums of heating, ventilating and air-conditioning systems, except that in Group R occupancies, a listed smoke detector is allowed to be used in each return air riser carrying not more than 5,000 cfm (2.4 m

3

/s) and serving not more than 10 air inlet openings.

907.2.18.2 Alarm required.

Activation of the smoke exhaust system shall activate an audible alarm at a constantly attended location.

907.2.19 Underground buildings.

In underground buildings complying with Section 405 where the lowest level of a structure is more than 30 feet (9144 mm) below the lowest level of exit discharge, the structure shall be equipped throughout with a manual and automatic fire alarm system, including an emergency voice/alarm communication system installed in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

907.2.20 Covered mall buildings.

Where the total floor area exceeds 50,000 square feet (4645.2 m

2

) within either a covered mall building or within the perimeter line of an open mall building, an emergency voice/alarm communication system shall be provided. Emergency voice/alarm communication systems serving a mall, required or otherwise, shall be accessible to the Fire Department. The system shall be provided in accordance with Section 907.5.2.2.

907.2.21 Reserved.

907.2.22 Airport traffic control towers.

An automatic smoke detection system that activates the occupant notification system in accordance with Section 907.5 shall be provided in airport control towers in accordance with Sections 907.2.22.1 and 907.2.22.2.

Exception: Audible appliances shall not be installed within the control tower cab.

907.2.22.1 Airport traffic control towers with multiple exits and automatic sprinklers.

Airport traffic control towers with multiple exits and equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 shall be provided with smoke detectors in all of the following locations:

1. Airport traffic control cab.

2. Electrical and mechanical equipment rooms.

3. Airport terminal radar and electronics rooms.

4. Outside each opening into interior exit stairways.

5. Along the single means of egress permitted from observation levels.

6. Outside each opening into the single means of egress permitted from observation levels.

907.2.22.2 Other airport traffic control towers.

Airport traffic control towers with a single exit or where sprinklers are not installed throughout shall be provided with smoke detectors in all of the following locations:

1. Airport traffic control cab.

2. Electrical and mechanical equipment rooms.

3. Airport terminal radar and electronics rooms.

4. Office spaces incidental to the tower operation.

5. Lounges for employees, including sanitary facilities.

6. Means of egress.

7. Accessible utility shafts.

907.2.23 Battery rooms.

An approved automatic smoke detection system shall be installed in areas containing any battery systems. Where the battery room is located in a building or space that is provided with a fire alarm system or subsystem, the smoke detectors shall be connected to such building fire alarm system or subsystem. The detection system shall be supervised by a central supervising station, or a local alarm that will sound an audible signal at a constantly attended location. Battery rooms shall also comply with the requirements of the New York City Fire Code.

907.3 Fire safety functions.

Automatic fire detectors utilized for the purpose of performing fire safety functions shall be connected to the building's fire alarm control unit where a fire alarm system is required by Section 907.2. Detectors shall, upon actuation, perform the intended function and activate the alarm notification appliances or activate a visible and audible supervisory signal at a constantly attended location.

Exception: In buildings not equipped with a fire alarm system, the automatic fire detector shall be powered by normal electrical service and, upon actuation, perform the intended function. The detectors shall be located in accordance with NFPA 72.

907.3.1 Duct smoke detectors.

Smoke detectors installed in ducts shall be listed for the air velocity, temperature and humidity present in the duct. Duct smoke detectors shall be connected to the building's fire alarm control unit when a fire alarm system is required by Section 907.2. Activation of a duct smoke detector shall initiate a visible and audible alarm signal at a constantly attended location and shall perform the intended fire safety function in accordance with this code and the New York City Mechanical Code. Duct smoke detectors shall not be used as a substitute for required open area detection.

Exceptions:

1. The alarm signal at a constantly attended location is not required where duct smoke detectors activate the building's alarm notification appliances.

2. In occupancies not required to be equipped with a fire alarm system, actuation of a smoke detector shall activate a visible and an audible signal in an approved location. Smoke detector trouble conditions shall activate a visible or audible signal in an approved location and shall be identified as air duct detector trouble.

907.3.2 Delayed egress locks.

Where delayed egress locks are installed on means of egress doors in accordance with Section 1010.1.9.7, an automatic smoke or heat detection system shall be installed as required by that section.

907.3.3 Elevator emergency operation.

Automatic fire detectors installed for elevator emergency operation shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 30 of this code, ASME A17.1 and NFPA 72.

907.3.4 Wiring.

The wiring to the auxiliary devices and equipment used to accomplish fire safety functions shall be monitored for integrity in accordance with NFPA 72 and the New York City Electrical Code.

907.3.5 Monitoring of hold-open devices and closers.

All hold-open devices used in automatic-closing doors pursuant to the exception to Section 713.7 shall be electrically supervised to monitor the integrity of the wiring connections among the fire alarm system, the smoke detection system, and the hold-open devices.

907.4 Initiating devices.

Where manual or automatic alarm initiation is required as part of a fire alarm system, the initiating devices shall be installed in accordance with Sections 907.4.1 through 907.4.4.

907.4.1 Protection of fire alarm control unit.

In areas that are not continuously occupied, a single smoke detector shall be provided at the location of each fire alarm control unit, notification appliance circuit power extenders, and supervising station transmitting equipment.

Exceptions:

1. Where ambient conditions prohibit installation of a smoke detector, a heat detector shall be permitted.

2. In prior code buildings, where a fire alarm control unit is installed in an interior exit stairway or ramp or exit passageway, a smoke detector is not required at the location of such fire alarm control unit.

907.4.2 Manual fire alarm boxes.

Where a manual fire alarm system is required by another section of this code, it shall be activated by fire alarm boxes installed in accordance with Sections 907.4.2.1 through 907.4.2.6.

907.4.2.1 Location.

Manual fire alarm boxes shall be located not more than 5 feet (1524 mm) from the entrance to each exit. Additional manual fire alarm boxes shall be located so that travel distance to the nearest box does not exceed 200 feet (60 960 mm).

907.4.2.2 Height.

The height of the manual fire alarm boxes shall be not less than 42 inches (1066.8 mm) and not more than 48 inches (1220 mm), measured vertically, from the floor level to the activating handle or lever of the box.

907.4.2.3 Color.

Manual fire alarm boxes shall be red in color.

907.4.2.4 Signs.

Where fire alarm systems are not required to be monitored by a supervising station, an approved permanent sign that reads: WHEN ALARM SOUNDS – CALL 911 shall be installed adjacent to each manual fire alarm box.

Exception: Where the manufacturer has permanently provided this information on the manual fire alarm box.

907.4.2.5 Protective covers.

The Fire Department is authorized to require the installation of listed manual fire alarm box protective covers to prevent malicious false alarms or provide the manual fire alarm box with protection from physical damage. The protective cover shall be transparent or red in color with a transparent face to permit visibility of the manual fire alarm box. Each cover shall include proper operating instructions. A protective cover that emits a local alarm signal shall not be installed unless approved. Protective covers shall not project more than that permitted by Section 1003.3.3.

907.4.2.6 Unobstructed and unobscured.

Manual fire alarm boxes shall be readily accessible, unobstructed, unobscured and visible at all times.

907.4.3 Automatic smoke detection.

Where an automatic smoke detection system is required it shall utilize smoke detectors unless ambient conditions prohibit such an installation. In spaces where smoke detectors cannot be utilized due to ambient conditions, approved automatic heat detectors shall be permitted.

907.4.3.1 Automatic sprinkler system.

For conditions other than specific fire safety functions noted in Section 907.3, in areas where ambient conditions prohibit the installation of smoke detectors, an automatic sprinkler system installed in such areas in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2 and that is connected to the fire alarm system shall be approved as automatic heat detection.

907.4.4 Fire-extinguishing systems.

Where a fire alarm system is required by another section of this code or is otherwise installed, automatic fire-extinguishing systems installed in accordance with Section 904 shall be monitored by the fire alarm system.

907.5 Occupant notification systems.

A fire alarm system shall annunciate at the fire alarm control unit and shall initiate occupant notification upon activation, in accordance with Sections 907.5.1 through 907.5.2.3.2. Where a fire alarm system is required by another section of this code, it shall be activated by:

1. Automatic fire detectors.

2. Automatic sprinkler system waterflow devices.

3. Manual fire alarm boxes.

4. Automatic fire-extinguishing systems.

Exception: Where notification systems are allowed elsewhere in Section 907 to annunciate at a constantly attended location or to a central supervising station.

907.5.1 Presignal feature.

A presignal feature shall not be installed unless approved by the Fire Department. Where a presignal feature is provided, a signal shall be annunciated at a constantly attended location approved by the Fire Department, in order that occupant notification can be activated in the event of fire or other emergency.

907.5.2 Alarm notification appliances.

Alarm notification appliances shall be provided and shall be listed for their purpose.

907.5.2.1 Audible alarms.

Audible alarm notification appliances shall be provided and emit a distinctive sound that is not to be used for any purpose other than that of a fire alarm.

Exceptions:

1. Visible alarm notification appliances shall be allowed in lieu of audible alarm notification appliances in critical care areas of Group I-2 occupancies.

2. Where provided, audible notification appliances located in each occupant evacuation elevator lobby in accordance with Section 3008.10.1 shall be connected to a separate notification zone for manual paging only.

907.5.2.1.1 Average sound pressure.

The audible alarm notification appliances shall provide a sound pressure level of 15 decibels (dBA) above the average ambient sound level or 5 dBA above the maximum sound level having a duration of not less than 60 seconds, whichever is greater, in every occupiable space within the building. The minimum sound pressure levels shall be: 75 dBA in occupancies in Groups R and I-1; 90 dBA in mechanical equipment rooms and 60 dBA in other occupancies. For one-way voice communication system in Group R-2 occupancies, the minimum sound pressure level of the alert tone shall be 75 dBA throughout the dwelling unit.

907.5.2.1.2 Maximum sound pressure.

The maximum sound pressure level for audible alarm notification appliances shall be 110 dBA at the minimum hearing distance from the audible appliance. Where the average ambient noise is greater than 95 dBA, visible alarm notification appliances shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 72 and audible alarm notification appliances shall not be required.

907.5.2.2 Emergency voice/alarm communication systems.

Emergency voice/alarm communication systems required by this code shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 72. The operation of any automatic fire detector, sprinkler waterflow device or manual fire alarm box shall automatically sound an alert tone followed by voice instructions giving approved information and directions for a general or staged evacuation in accordance with the building's fire safety and evacuation plans required by the New York City Fire Code. In high-rise buildings, the system shall operate on at least the alarming floor, the floor above and the floor below. Speakers shall be provided throughout the building by paging zones. At a minimum, paging zones shall be provided as follows:

1. Each exit stairway.

2. Each floor.

3. Refuge areas as defined in Chapter 2 of this code.

Exceptions:

1.

Group I-1 and I-2 occupancies. In Group I-1 and I-2 occupancies, the alarm shall sound in a constantly attended area and a general occupant notification shall be broadcast over the overhead page.

2.

Group R-2 occupancies greater than 75 feet (22 860 mm) in height. In Group R-2 occupied buildings greater than 75 feet (22 860 mm) in height above the lowest level of Fire Department vehicle access, activation of any smoke detector or sprinkler water flow device shall initiate a signal at a central supervising station or constantly attended location and shall not initiate a signal to an alarm notification appliance. An emergency voice/alarm communication system shall not be required. However, a one-way voice communication shall be provided between the fire command center for use by Fire Department personnel and the following terminal areas:

2.1. Within dwelling units. An intercom system may be utilized when provided with an override feature for use by Fire Department personnel. Such intercom system shall comply with rules promulgated by the commissioner establishing installation requirements.

2.2. Within required exit stairs. Annunciation devices shall be located at least on every other story. Such annunciation devices shall comply with rules promulgated by the commissioner establishing installation requirements.

907.5.2.2.1 Manual override.

A manual override for emergency voice communication shall be provided on a selective and all-call basis for all paging zones.

907.5.2.2.2 Live voice messages.

The emergency voice/alarm communication system shall have multi-channel capability to broadcast live voice messages by paging zones on a selective and all-call basis without automatic interruption of the alarm tones on the floor of incidence, floor above or floor below.

907.5.2.2.3 Alternate uses.

When approved by the Fire Commissioner, the emergency voice/alarm communication system may be allowed to be used for other announcements.

907.5.2.2.4 Emergency voice/alarm communication captions.

Where stadiums, arenas and grandstands provide audible public announcements, the emergency/voice alarm communication system shall be captioned. Emergency captions shall be approved by the Fire Department.

907.5.2.2.5 Emergency power.

Emergency voice/alarm communications systems shall be provided with an approved emergency power source in accordance with Section 2702 of this code and the New York City Electrical Code.

907.5.2.3 Visible alarms.

Visible alarm notification appliances shall be provided in accordance with Sections 907.5.2.3.1 through 907.5.2.3.2.

Exceptions:

1. Visible alarm notification appliances shall not be required in exits as defined in Chapter 2.

2. Visible alarm notification appliances shall not be required in elevator cars.

907.5.2.3.1 Public and common areas.

Visible alarm notification appliances shall be provided in public use areas and common use areas, as defined in Chapter 2.

Exception: Where employee work areas have audible alarm coverage, the notification appliance circuits serving the employee work areas shall be initially designed with not less than 20-percent spare capacity to account for the potential of adding visible notification appliances in the future to accommodate hearing impaired employee(s).

907.5.2.3.2 Groups I-1 and R-1.

Group I-1 and R-1 dwelling units or sleeping units in accordance with Table 907.5.2.3.2 shall be provided with a visible alarm notification appliance, activated by both the in-room smoke alarm or detector, as applicable, and the building fire alarm system.

Table 907.5.2.3.2 Visible Alarms

Number of Units

Units With Visible Alarms 

6 to 25

2

26 to 50

4

51 to 75

7

76 to 100

9

101 to 150

12

151 to 200

14

201 to 300

17

301 to 400

20

401 to 500

22

501 to 1,000

5% of total

1,001 and over

50 plus 3 for each 100 over 1,000

907.6 Installation and monitoring.

A fire alarm system shall be installed and monitored in accordance with Sections 907.6.1 through 907.6.5.2 of this code and NFPA 72.

907.6.1 Wiring.

Wiring shall comply with the requirements of the New York City Electrical Code and NFPA 72. Wireless protection systems utilizing radio-frequency transmitting devices shall comply with the special requirements for supervision of low-power wireless systems in NFPA 72.

907.6.2 Power supply.

The primary and secondary power supply for the fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with the New York City Electrical Code.

Exception: Secondary power for single-station and multiple-station smoke alarms as required in Section 907.2.11.2.

907.6.3 Zones.

Each floor shall be zoned separately. For non-addressable systems, a zone shall not exceed 22,500 square feet (2090.3 m

2

). The length of any zone shall not exceed 300 feet (91 440 mm) in any direction.

Exception: Automatic sprinkler system zones shall not exceed the area permitted by NFPA 13.

907.6.3.1 Zoning indicator panel.

A zoning indicator panel and the associated controls shall be provided at the main building entrance accessible to responding Fire Department personnel and in other locations approved by the commissioner and the Fire Department. The visual zone indication shall lock in until the system is reset and shall not be canceled by the operation of an audible-alarm silencing switch.

907.6.3.2 High-rise buildings.

In high-rise buildings constructed in accordance with Section 403, a separate zone by floor shall be provided for each of the following types of alarm-initiating devices where provided:

1. Smoke detectors.

2. Sprinkler waterflow devices.

3. Manual fire alarm boxes.

4. Other approved types of automatic fire detection devices or suppression systems.

907.6.4 Access.

Access shall be provided to each fire alarm device and notification appliance for periodic inspection, maintenance and testing.

907.6.5 Monitoring.

Fire alarm systems required by this chapter or by the New York City Fire Code shall be monitored by a central supervising station in accordance with NFPA 72 and approved by the Fire Commissioner.

Exception: Monitoring by a central supervising station is not required for:

1. Single- and multiple-station smoke alarms required by Section 907.2.11.

2. Smoke detectors in Group I-3 occupancies.

3. Automatic sprinkler systems in one- and two-family dwellings.

907.6.5.1 Automatic telephone-dialing devices.

Automatic telephone-dialing devices used to transmit an emergency alarm shall not be connected to any Fire Department telephone number unless approved by the Fire Commissioner.

907.6.5.2 Termination of monitoring service.

Termination of fire alarm monitoring services shall be in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.

907.7 Acceptance tests and completion.

Upon completion of the installation, the fire alarm system and all fire alarm components shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 72.

907.7.1 Single- and multiple-station alarm devices.

When the installation of the alarm devices is complete, each device and interconnecting wiring for multiple-station alarm devices shall be tested in accordance with the smoke alarm provisions of NFPA 72.

907.7.2 Record of completion.

A record of completion in accordance with NFPA 72 verifying that the system has been installed and tested in accordance with the approved construction documents and specifications shall be provided.

907.7.3 Instructions.

Operating, testing and maintenance instructions, and record drawings ("as builts") and equipment specifications shall be provided at an approved location.

907.8 Inspection, testing and maintenance.

The maintenance and testing schedules and procedures for fire alarm and fire detection systems shall be in accordance with the New York City Fire Code.