N.Y.C. Admin. Code § FC 5706: Section FC 5706: Special Operations

5706.1 Scope.

Flammable and combustible liquids shall be stored, handled and used in connection with special operations, including the following operations, in compliance with the requirements of this section:

1. Storage and dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids at construction sites.

2. Bulk plants or terminals.

3. Bulk transfer and process transfer operations utilizing cargo tanks and tank cars.

4. Cargo tanks and cargo tank operation.

5. Vapor recovery and vapor-processing systems.

5706.1.1 General.

Special operations involving the storage, handling and use of flammable and combustible liquids shall be conducted in accordance with FC 5701, 5703, 5704 and 5705, except as otherwise provided in this section.

5706.1.2 Prohibition.

It shall be unlawful to dispense any flammable or combustible liquid from a cargo tank or tank car into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles, except for the transfer of liquids from a cargo tank to construction equipment at a construction site in accordance with FC 5706.2.8.

5706.2 Storage and dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids at construction sites.

Temporary storage and dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids at construction sites shall be in accordance with FC 5706.2.1 through 5706.2.8.

Exception: Storage and use of fuel oil connected with nonportable oil-burning equipment regulated by the Mechanical Code.

5706.2.1 Combustibles and open flames near tanks.

Storage areas shall be kept free from weeds and other combustible waste. It shall be unlawful to smoke, or light or maintain an open flame in a flammable or combustible liquid storage area.

5706.2.2 Marking of tanks and containers.

Tanks and containers for aboveground storage of liquids shall be conspicuously marked with the name of the product which they contain and the words: FLAMMABLE – KEEP FIRE AND FLAME AWAY. Tanks shall bear the additional marking: KEEP 50 FEET FROM BUILDINGS.

5706.2.3 Containers for storage and use.

Flammable and combustible liquid shall only be stored in metal containers of a type meeting the requirements of the regulations of the United States Department of Transportation, as set forth in 49 CFR Part 178, or in containers of an approved design.

5706.2.3.1 Liquid handling devices.

Discharge devices shall be of a type that do not develop an internal pressure on the container. Pumping devices or approved self-closing faucets used for dispensing liquids shall not leak and shall be well-maintained. Individual containers shall not be interconnected and shall be kept closed when not in use.

5706.2.3.2 Outdoor storage.

Containers stored outdoors shall be in accordance with FC 5704 and the construction codes, including the Building Code.

5706.2.4 Temporary tanks.

The capacity of a storage tank temporarily installed aboveground containing flammable or combustible liquids shall not exceed 660 gallons (2498 L). Tanks shall be of the single-compartment design, shall be constructed of steel, and shall meet the requirements of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation regulations, as set forth in 6 NYCRR Part 613.

5706.2.4.1 Fill-opening security.

Fill openings shall be equipped with a locking closure device. Fill openings shall be separate from vent openings.

5706.2.4.2 Vents.

Tanks shall be provided with a method of normal and emergency venting. Normal vents shall also be in accordance with FC 5704.2.7.3. Emergency vents shall be in accordance with FC 5704.2.7.4. Emergency vents shall be arranged to discharge in a manner which prevents localized overheating or flame impingement on any part of the tank in the event that vapors from such vents are ignited.

5706.2.4.3 Location.

Tanks containing flammable or combustible liquids shall be kept outdoors and at least 50 feet (15 240 mm) from buildings, combustible material and combustible waste. Additional distance shall be provided when necessary to ensure that vehicles, equipment and containers being filled directly from such tanks will not be less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from structures or combustible storage.

5706.2.5 Type of tank.

Tanks shall be provided with top openings only.

Exception: Aerial crane refueling operations when conducted in accordance with FC 5706.2.5.2.

5706.2.5.1 Tanks with top openings only.

Tanks with top openings shall be mounted as follows:

1. On well-constructed metal legs connected to shoes or runners designed so that the tank is stabilized and the entire tank and its supports can be moved as a unit; or

2. For stationary tanks, on a stable base of timbers or blocks approximately 6 inches (152 mm) in height which prevents the tank from contacting the ground.

5706.2.5.1.1 Pumps and fittings.

Tanks with top openings only shall be equipped with a tightly and permanently attached, approved pumping device having an approved hose of sufficient length for filling construction equipment or containers to be served from the tank. Either the pump or the hose shall be equipped with a padlock to its hanger to prevent tampering. An antisiphoning device shall be provided in the pump discharge unless a self-closing nozzle is used. Siphons or internal pressure discharge devices shall not be used.

5706.2.5.2 Tanks for gravity discharge.

Tanks with a connection in the bottom or the end for gravity-dispensing liquids for aerial crane refueling operations shall be mounted and equipped as follows:

1. Support lugs used to elevate the tank for gravity discharge shall be designed to carry all required loads and provide stability.

2. Bottom or end openings for gravity discharge shall be equipped with a valve located adjacent to the tank shell which will close automatically in the event of fire through the operation of a heat-activated releasing device. Where this valve cannot be operated manually, it shall be supplemented by a second, manually operated valve.

3. The gravity discharge outlet shall be provided with an approved hose equipped with a self-closing valve at the discharge end of a type that can be padlocked to its hanger.

5706.2.6 Spill control drainage control and diking.

Indoor storage and dispensing areas shall be provided with spill control and drainage control as set forth in FC 5703.4. Outdoor storage areas shall be provided with drainage control or diking as set forth in FC 5704.2.10.

5706.2.7 Portable fire extinguishers.

Portable fire extinguishers with a minimum rating of 20-B:C and complying with the requirements of FC 906 shall be provided where required by this code.

5706.2.8 Dispensing from cargo tanks.

Where approved, liquids used as fuels are allowed to be transferred from cargo tanks into the fuel tanks of construction equipment at a construction site, subject to the following requirements:

1. The cargo tank is used solely for the purpose of supplying fuel to construction equipment at a construction site.

2. The dispensing hose does not exceed 100 feet (30 480 mm) in length.

3. The dispensing nozzle is an approved type.

4. The dispensing hose is properly placed on the approved reel or in a compartment provided before the cargo tank is moved.

5. Signs prohibiting smoking and open flames within 25 feet (7620 mm) of the cargo tank and construction equipment being refueled are prominently posted on the cargo tank.

6. Electrical devices and wiring in areas where fuel dispensing is conducted are in accordance with the Electrical Code.

7. Cargo tank-dispensing equipment is operated only by a person holding a certificate of fitness.

8. Provision has been made to control and mitigate the accidental or unauthorized release of flammable and combustible liquid.

9. The cargo tank has a capacity of not more than 1,920 gallons (7267 L), and contains no Class IA liquid and not more than 640 gallons (2422 L) of any other Class I liquid.

10. Dispensing is conducted at least 50 feet (15 240 mm) from buildings, structures, combustible material or combustible waste.

11. A portable fire extinguisher with a minimum rating of 40-B:C shall be provided on the cargo tank with signage clearly indicating its location.

12. Absorbent materials, nonwater-absorbent pads, a 10-foot-long (3048 mm) containment boom, an approved container with lid and a nonmetallic shovel shall be provided to mitigate a minimum 5-gallon (19 L) fuel spill.

13. Operators of tank vehicles used for mobile fueling operations shall have in their possession at all times an approved means of notifying the department of a fire or other emergency.

14. Fuel dispensing shall be prohibited within 25 feet (7620 mm) of any source of ignition.

15. The engines of vehicles being fueled shall be shut off during dispensing operations.

16. Nighttime fueling operations shall only be conducted in adequately lighted areas.

17. The cargo tank shall be positioned with respect to the construction equipment being fueled so as to prevent vehicular traffic from driving over the delivery hose.

18. During fueling operations, a cargo tank shall be secured from movement by setting the cargo tank's brakes and chocking the wheels, and the cargo tank's warning lights shall be activated.

5706.3 Reserved.

5706.4 Bulk plants and terminals.

Any premises in or upon which flammable and combustible liquids are received by marine vessels, watercraft, pipelines, tank cars or cargo tanks and which are stored or blended in bulk for the purpose of distributing such liquids by marine vessels, watercraft, pipelines, tanks cars, cargo tanks or containers shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC 5706.4.1 through 5706.4.10.4.

5706.4.1 Building construction.

Buildings and structures housing bulk plant or terminal materials, operations and facilities shall be constructed in accordance with the construction codes, including the Building Code.

5706.4.1.1 Design and installation documents.

A site plan of the bulk plant or terminal, indicating the location and dimensions of all buildings and structures housing bulk plan or terminal materials, operations and facilities, and all flammable and combustible liquid installations, shall be filed with the department, together with such other design and installation documents as the department may require.

5706.4.2 Means of egress.

Rooms in which flammable and combustible liquids are stored, handled or used shall be arranged such that occupants engaging in such handling and use have readily available access to a means of egress in the event of fire.

5706.4.3 Heating.

Rooms in which Class I liquids are stored, handled or used shall be heated only by means not constituting a source of ignition, such as steam or hot water.

5706.4.4 Ventilation.

Ventilation shall be provided for rooms, enclosures and other areas in buildings or structures in which Class I liquids are handled or used, including any pumping or transfer. Ventilation systems shall be designed in a manner that takes into consideration the relatively high specific gravity of the vapors. When natural ventilation is approved, adequate openings in outside walls at floor level, unobstructed except by louvers or coarse screens, shall be provided. When natural ventilation is not approved, mechanical ventilation shall be provided in accordance with the construction codes, including the Mechanical Code.

5706.4.4.1 Basements and other areas below grade.

Class I liquids shall not be stored, handled or used within a building or structure having a basement, cellar or other area below grade into which flammable vapors can travel, unless such area is provided with ventilation designed to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors therein.

5706.4.4.2 Dispensing of Class I liquids.

Containers of Class I liquids shall not be drawn from or filled indoors unless a provision is made to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors in hazardous concentrations. Where mechanical ventilation is required, it shall be kept in operation while flammable vapors could be present.

5706.4.5 Storage.

Except as otherwise provided in FC 5706.4, storage of flammable and combustible liquids in bulk plants and terminals shall be in compliance with the applicable requirements of FC 5704.

5706.4.5.1 Distance to lot line.

The distance between any part of an aboveground flammable or combustible liquid storage tank and the nearest lot line shall be as provided in FC Table 5706.4.5.1, except where FC 5706.4.5.1.1 through 5706.4.5.1.5 require a greater distance.

FC Table 5706.4.5.1 Distance Between an Aboveground Storage Tank and Lot Lines

Tank Capacity

Minimum Distance (feet)

30,000 gallons

20

Over 30,000 to 50,000 gallons

30

Over 50,000 to 100,000

50

Over 100,000 to 500,000

80

Over 500,000 to 1,000,000

100

Over 1,000,000 to 2,000,000

135

Over 2,000,000 to 3,000,000

165

Over 3,000,000 to 6,000,000

175

5706.4.5.1.1 Vertical cylindrical tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a flammable liquid.

For vertical cylindrical tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a flammable liquid, the distance shall not be less than the greater dimension of height or diameter of the tank, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340 mm).

5706.4.5.1.2 Rectangular tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a flammable liquid.

For rectangular tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a flammable liquid, the distance shall not be less than the total of the length and the width of the tank divided by two, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340 mm).

5706.4.5.1.3 Vertical cylindrical tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a combustible liquid.

For vertical cylindrical tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a combustible liquid, the distance shall not be less than 1/2 the greater dimension of height or diameter of the tank, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340 mm).

5706.4.5.1.4 Rectangular tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a combustible liquid.

For rectangular tanks over 50,000 gallons (189 250 L) storing a combustible liquid, the distance shall not be less than the total of the length and the width of the tank divided by 4, up to a maximum distance of 175 feet (53 340 mm).

5706.4.5.1.5 Tank construction.

Newly constructed tanks shall be in accordance with API 650. Repairs and alterations to existing tanks shall be in accordance with API 653.

5706.4.5.2 Distance between aboveground tanks.

The distance between any part of an aboveground storage tank and adjacent tanks shall be in accordance with FC Table 5706.4.5.2.

FC Table 5706.4.5.2 Distance Between Aboveground Storage Tanks

Adjacent Tank Capacity

Minimum Distance (feet)

50,000 gallons

3

Over 50,000 to 100,000 gallons

6

Over 100,000 to 200,000 gallons

12

Over 200,000 gallons

25

5706.4.5.3 Height of aboveground storage tanks.

The maximum height of aboveground flammable and combustible liquid storage tanks shall not exceed 40 feet (12 192 mm).

Exception: Aboveground vertical cylindrical tanks storing combustible liquids shall not exceed 48 feet (14 630 mm) in height.

5706.4.5.4 Distance from aboveground tanks to buildings.

The distance between any part of an aboveground storage tank and buildings or structures used for housing of fire extinguishing equipment, central heating plant or electrical distribution equipment shall not be less than 50 feet (15 240 mm).

5706.4.5.5 Maximum capacity for aboveground tanks.

The maximum capacity of any aboveground tank used for storage of a flammable liquid shall not exceed 500,000 gallons (1892 500 L). The maximum capacity of any aboveground tank used for storage of combustible liquid shall not exceed 6,000,000 gallons (22 710 000 L).

5706.4.5.6 Distance from aboveground tanks to exposures.

No aboveground tank shall be installed within:

1. 1,000 feet (304 800 mm) of the nearest wall of a building occupied as a school or hospital, or an entrance to or exit from a tunnel for motor vehicles, subway or railroad trains, or the ventilating buildings or shafts of such tunnels.

2. 250 feet (76 200 mm) of any point under a bridge for pedestrians, motor vehicles, subway or railroad trains, a public park or a land zoned for residential purposes.

5706.4.5.7 Depth of underground storage tanks.

The maximum distance between the top and bottom plates of an underground flammable and combustible liquid storage tank shall not exceed 40 feet (12 192 mm).

5706.4.5.8 Underground tank location.

Underground tanks shall be located such that the top plate thereof shall be at least 2 feet (610 mm) below the established grade. No such tank shall be buried within 10 feet (3048 mm) of any building or adjoining property line. Individual underground tanks shall be covered with 2 feet (610 mm) of earth or 4 inches (102 mm) of reinforced concrete extending 10 feet (3048 mm) beyond all the vertical walls of the tank, and the excavation made to receive the tank shall be backfilled with well-compacted clean sand or earth, free of any ash or other corrosive substance, and free from stones larger than will pass through a 1-inch (25-mm) mesh. Underground tanks may be erected in groups of 2 or more, when such tanks are separated by a space of 1 foot (305 mm), and provided the reinforced concrete top cover extends unbroken over the open space between the tanks.

5706.4.5.9 Mounded-over tanks.

Mounded-over tanks shall be considered underground tanks. A mounded-over tank may be erected with its base at any desired elevation not higher than the grade plane of the premises. It shall be enclosed with a steel, reinforced-concrete, or closed-face-concrete cribbing wall extending from the established grade to the top of the top cover, with the exterior face of the wall at least 10 feet (3048 mm) from the exterior face of the wall of the tank, and backfilled between the tank and the enclosing wall with compacted clean earth or sand containing no ash or other corrosive substance. The wall and backfill may be replaced with compacted similar fill, extending from the established grade to the level of the top cover on the tank, at the normal angle of repose of the material so used, with the provision that the width of the sloped material at the level of the top of the top cover shall be at least 10 feet (3048 mm) wide. When two or more mounded-over tanks, either rectangular or vertical-cylindrical, are grouped together, the tanks shall be at least 1 foot (305 mm) apart from each other, and the group of tanks shall be enclosed around the periphery with the same type of wall and backfill described above for one mounded-over tank.

5706.4.5.10 Maximum capacity of flammable liquid underground tanks.

Underground storage tanks used for storage of a flammable liquid shall not exceed 500,000 gallons (1892 500 L), except that the commissioner may approve the installation of underground tanks with a capacity not to exceed 6,000,000 gallons (22710 000 L) where such greater capacity is determined to be necessary because of the capacity of the marine vessel, watercraft, pipeline or tank car delivering such liquid and where such increased capacity does not endanger the public safety.

5706.4.5.11 Maximum capacity of combustible liquid underground tanks.

Underground storage tanks used for storage of a combustible liquid shall not exceed 6,000,000 gallons (22 710 000 L). Such tanks may be compartmented; however, in no case shall any compartment exceed 4,000,000 gallons (15 140 000 L).

5706.4.6 Overfill protection.

To prevent an overfill during the transfer of flammable or combustible liquid from a marine vessel, watercraft, pipeline, tank car, cargo tank or storage tank, each tank shall be equipped with an approved electrically operated overfill protection system. Such system shall be in accordance with API 2350.

5706.4.6.1 Alarms.

Audible and visible alarms shall be activated automatically when the liquid level in the tank approaches 95 percent of tank capacity and again when it attains a level of 98 percent of tank capacity. This alarm shall be connected to both the marine vessel, watercraft, pipeline, tank car or cargo tank receiving point, as applicable, and to the facility dispatcher's office.

5706.4.6.2 Tanks filled from pipelines.

Tanks filled by pipelines shall be provided with a shutoff valve in the fill line that will automatically shut off the flow to the tank when the liquid level in the tank approaches 95 percent.

5706.4.7 Wharves.

This section shall apply to all wharves, piers, bulkheads and other structures over or contiguous to navigable water having a primary function of transferring liquid cargo in bulk between shore installations and marine vessels and watercraft including barges, lighter boats or similar watercraft.

Exception: Marine liquid motor fuel-dispensing facilities designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC Chapter 23.

5706.4.7.1 Transferring approvals.

Handling packaged cargo of liquids, including full and empty drums, bulk fuel and stores, over a wharf during cargo transfer shall be subject to the approval and under the personal supervision of the bulk plant or terminal certificate of fitness holder and the senior deck officer on duty.

5706.4.7.2 Transferring location.

Wharves at which liquid cargoes are to be transferred in bulk quantities to or from marine vessels and watercraft shall be at least 100 feet (30 480 mm) from any bridge over a navigable waterway; or from any entrance to, or superstructure of, any vehicular or railroad tunnel under a waterway. The termination of the fixed piping used for loading or unloading at a wharf shall be at least 200 feet (60 960 mm) from a bridge or from an entrance to, or superstructures of, a tunnel.

5706.4.7.3 Superstructure and decking material.

Superstructure and decking shall be designed for the intended use. Decking shall be constructed of materials that will afford the desired combination of flexibility, resistance to shock, durability, strength and fire resistance.

5706.4.7.4 Wharf tanks prohibited.

It shall be unlawful to install, operate or maintain on wharfs any tanks containing flammable and combustible liquids.

5706.4.7.5 Transferring equipment.

Loading pumps capable of building up pressures in excess of the safe working pressure of cargo hose or loading arms shall be provided with bypasses, relief valves or other arrangements to protect the loading facilities against excessive pressure. Relief devices shall be tested at least annually to determine that they function satisfactorily at their set pressure.

5706.4.7.6 Piping, valves, fittings and ancillary equipment.

Piping systems shall be in accordance with FC 5703.6 except as otherwise provided as follows:

1. Piping systems shall be designed to protect against physical damage resulting from the motion of the wharf from wave action, currents, tides or the mooring of marine vessels and watercraft.

2. Pipe joints that depend on the friction characteristics of combustible materials or on the grooving of pipe ends for mechanical continuity of piping shall not be used.

3. Swivel joints may be used in piping to which hoses are connected and for articulated, swivel-joint transfer systems, provided that the design of the swivel joints is such that the mechanical strength of the joint will not be impaired if the packing materials fail such as by exposure to fire.

4. Each pipe used to convey Class I or II liquids leading to a wharf shall be provided with a readily accessible block valve located on shore near the approach to the wharf and outside of any diked area. Where more than one line is used to convey liquid, the valves shall be grouped in one location.

5. Means shall be provided for ready access to cargo line valves located below the wharf deck.

6. Piping systems shall contain a sufficient number of valves to operate the system properly and to control the flow of liquid both during normal operation and in the event of physical damage.

7. Piping on wharves shall be bonded and grounded where Class I and II liquids are transported. If excessive stray current conditions exist, insulating joints shall be installed. Bonding and grounding connections on piping shall be located on the wharf side of hose riser insulating flanges, where used, and shall be accessible for inspection.

8. Hose or articulated swivel-joint pipe connections used for cargo transfer shall be capable of accommodating the combined effects of change in draft and maximum tidal range, and mooring lines shall be kept adjusted to prevent surge of the marine vessel or watercraft from placing stress on the cargo transfer system.

9. Hoses shall be supported to avoid kinking and physical damage, including damage from chafing.

10. Piping, hoses, valves and fittings shall be constructed of steel. Valves shall be rated for not less than 150 pounds per square inch (psig) (1034 kPa).

5706.4.7.7 Loading and unloading.

Loading or unloading shall not commence until the bulk plant or terminal certificate of fitness holder and officer in charge of the marine vessel or watercraft agree that the marine vessel or watercraft has been properly moored and connections have been properly made.

5706.4.7.8 Construction work.

Construction work shall not be performed on the wharf except as approved by the commissioner upon a determination that such work can be safely performed, and subject to such terms and conditions as the commissioner may prescribe in the interest of public safety.

5706.4.8 Sources of ignition.

Class I, II or IIIA liquids shall not be used, drawn or dispensed where flammable vapors can reach a source of ignition.

5706.4.9 Drainage control.

Loading and unloading areas shall be provided with drainage control in accordance with FC 5704.2.10.

5706.4.10 Fire protection.

Fire protection shall be in accordance with FC Chapter 9 and FC 5706.4.10.1 through 5706.4.10.8.

5706.4.10.1 Portable fire extinguishers.

Portable fire extinguishers with a rating of not less than 20-B and complying with the requirements of FC 906 shall be located within 75 feet (22 860 mm) of hose connections, pumps and separator tanks.

5706.4.10.2 Fire hoses.

Fire hose connected to a water supply in a size appropriate for the water supply shall be provided in accordance with FC 905 and the construction codes, including the Building Code, so that manifolds where connections are made and broken can be reached by at least one hose stream.

5706.4.10.3 Obstruction of equipment.

Material shall not be placed on wharves in such a manner that would obstruct access to firefighting apparatus or equipment or important pipeline or other delivery control valves.

5706.4.10.4 Fire apparatus access.

An unobstructed fire apparatus access road to the shore end of the wharf shall be maintained in accordance with FC Chapter 5.

5706.4.10.5 Fire protection systems.

Aboveground tanks, mounded-over tanks, underground tanks, tank car loading and unloading racks, cargo tank loading racks, cargo tank unloading areas, marine vessel and watercraft loading and unloading areas and all other portions of a bulk plant or terminal shall be provided with fire extinguishing systems that are approved by the commissioner, inspected by a representative of the department and tested at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. Such systems shall include an approved yard hydrant system and tank monitor nozzles.

5706.4.10.5.1 Cargo tank loading racks.

A fire extinguishing system shall be provided over and under each cargo tank loading position. At least one remote control valve shall be provided to control the extinguishing agent for each three loading positions. Piping systems shall be installed so they can be thoroughly drained. The fire extinguishing system shall be sized to provide protection for the three largest adjacent loading positions.

5706.4.10.6 Emergency alarm transmission.

Manual pull stations shall be provided at one or more approved locations that will automatically transmit a signal to the department via an approved central station.

5706.4.10.7 Periodic tests.

Fire extinguishing systems, fire protection systems and tank overfill protection shall be tested once every 2 years at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. Tests of foam extinguishing systems shall produce foam at the most remote tank and produce water flow at each tank. In the event that the discharge of foam to the most remote tank would result in a reportable hazardous material release in accordance with federal, state or local laws, rules or regulations, such other test acceptable to the commissioner may be conducted.

5706.4.10.8 Color coding and labeling.

Fire protection systems shall be color-coded and labeled in accordance with FC 5706.4.10.8.1 through 5706.4.10.8.2. Copies of the color code shall be posted in all central locations for fire extinguishing media, such as the foam house location.

5706.4.10.8.1 Color coding.

Fire protection systems shall be color-coded as follows:

1. Standpipe and/or yard hydrant systems:

1.1. Piping, valve bodies and handles, hydrants and hydrant or hose houses: Red with contrasting white bands.

1.2. Fire department connections: Red.

2. Sprinkler systems (wet or dry):

2.1. Piping and valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting bright green bands.

2.2. Fire department connections: Red with green caps.

3. Nonautomatic sprinkler systems (including fog spray systems):

3.1. Piping and valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting aluminum bands.

3.2. Fire department connections: Aluminum.

4. Carbon dioxide extinguishing systems – piping, valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting brown bands.

5. Steam extinguishing systems – piping, valve bodies and handles: Red with contrasting black bands.

6. Foam extinguishing systems:

6.1. Piping, valve bodies and handles, hydrants and hydrant or hose houses: Red with contrasting bright orange bands.

6.2. Department water connections: Red. A durable sign that reads "WATER FOR FOAM SYSTEM", shall be conspicuously posted immediately adjacent to such connections.

6.3. Department foam connection: Red with contrasting bright orange band or caps. A durable sign that reads "CHEMICAL FOAM DIRECT TO TANKS" or "...% MECHANICAL FOAM SOLUTION DIRECT TO TANKS", shall be conspicuously posted immediately adjacent to such connections.

5706.4.10.8.2 Labeling.

Bands, or piping immediately adjacent to bands, shall be labeled to indicate the names of the extinguishing media. The letters shall be in a contrasting color of a suitable size in proportion to the pipe diameters. The width of each band shall be not less than the pipe diameter and shall be spaced not more than 30 feet (9144 mm) apart. Bands, lettering and piping shall be painted in sun- and weather-resistant colors and paint; but bands and lettering may be applied by means of pressure sensitive tape that is sun- and weather-resistant.

5706.4.11 Interconnected piping.

All tanks shall be connected by a system of steel pipes in a manner that the contents of each tank may be transferred to another tank without resulting in product contamination, or flash point reduction of the stored liquid.

5706.4.12 Supervision.

Bulk plants and terminals, including transfer operations, shall be continuously under the personal supervision of a person holding a certificate of fitness for such facility. Such supervision shall satisfy the certificate of fitness supervision requirements of this code for all fire protection systems at the facility, including standpipe systems, sprinkler systems, yard hydrant systems and foam systems.

5706.4.13 Oil spills.

Bulk plants and terminals storing petroleum products and petroleum product pipelines operating within the city shall provide oil-absorbent material, oil-dispersant material, booms and other such material and equipment for the control and remediation of oil spills in such quantity and at such locations as set forth in FC 5706.4.13.1 through 5706.4.13.4.

Exceptions:

1. Bulk plants and terminals storing petroleum products when such facility has in place a spill prevention control and countermeasure plan meeting the requirements of United States Environmental Protection Agency regulations, as set forth in 40 CFR Part 112.

2. Petroleum product pipelines when such pipeline operator has in place for its New York City operations a response plan for onshore oil pipelines meeting the requirements of United States Department of Transportation regulations, as set forth in 49 CFR Part 194.

5706.4.13.1 Quantities of clean-up materials and equipment.

Oil spill clean-up materials and equipment shall be stored for use at each bulk plant and terminal and locations designated for pipeline operations in accordance with FC Table 5706.4.13.1, the rules or as a condition of the permit for the facility.

FC Table 5706.4.13.1 Oil Spill Materials and Equipment to Be Stored at Each Bulk Plant and Terminal or Pipeline

Material or Equipment

Total Petroleum Product Storage

1,000,000 Gallons or Less

5,000,000 Gallons or Less

10,000,000 Gallons or Less or Pipeline Operation

Over 10,000,000 Gallons

Absorbent material to recover

3,000 gallons

5,000 gallons

10,000 gallons

20,000 gallons

Boom

300 feet

300 feet plus enough to encircle marine vessel or watercraft, including barges which may be loading or unloading at the premises

5706.4.13.2 Availability.

Adequate storage facilities, materials-handling equipment and personnel shall be provided by the bulk plant and terminal or pipeline operator. Such materials-handling equipment and personnel shall be continuously available to properly deploy and apply the materials and equipment specified in FC 5706.4.13.1.

5706.4.13.3 Use of clean-up service.

The commissioner may approve the utilization of an oil spill clean-up service as a "back-up" spill mitigation measure, authorizing the material quantities to be reduced by 2/3 of those specified in FC Table 5706.4.13.1, but to a quantity not less than 3,000 gallons (11 356 L) of absorbent material and 300 feet (91 440 mm) of boom, and subject to the following conditions:

1. A responsible officer of the bulk plant and terminal or pipeline operation shall submit a sworn affidavit identifying the oil spill clean-up service with which it has contracted to perform such services, averring that such oil spill clean-up service meets the standards set forth in FC 5706.4.13.4 and setting forth the nature of the services to be rendered.

2. The department shall be notified, in writing, within 10 business days of the date when the utilization of the clean-up service is cancelled or the service goes out of business.

3. Such approval may be rescinded by the commissioner for good cause for failure of the spill clean-up service to timely respond to an oil spill, to have adequate equipment, materials or personnel, or to obey or cooperate with the department representatives in charge of the scene of the oil spill.

5706.4.13.4 Oil spill clean-up service standards.

An oil spill clean-up service may be retained by a bulk plant, bulk terminal or pipeline operation pursuant to FC 5706.4.13.3 provided it is capable of meeting the following standards:

1. It maintains the stockpile of material and equipment required by FC 5706.4.13.1 for storage of over 10,000,000 gallons (37 850 000 L) of petroleum products, regardless of the amount of petroleum products actually stored at the contracting bulk plants, bulk terminals or pipelines.

2. A supervisor will respond to the spill site within 1 hour from time of notification.

3. It is capable of delivering, on a 24-hour, 7-day-a-week basis, sufficient materials, equipment and personnel to the contracting bulk plant, bulk terminal or pipeline within 2 hours from time of notification.

4. Such service is licensed and operated in accordance with all applicable federal, state and local laws.

5706.4.14 Valves.

All inlet and outlet nozzles of tanks shall be provided with a valve of steel construction of a 150 pounds per square inch (psig) (1034 kPa) rating located as close as practicable to the tank.

5706.4.15 Dike construction.

All dike walls shall be of steel or reinforced concrete, designed to be liquid-tight and to withstand a full hydraulic head, and constructed so as to afford ready access. Where stairways or other similar means are required to afford such access, they shall be constructed of steel or other approved noncombustible material.

5706.4.16 Dike capacity.

Each single dike wall enclosure shall have a capacity equal to 110 percent of the tank's capacity. Tanks arranged in groups with a total capacity not exceeding 500,000 gallons (1 892 500 L) may be enclosed in a single dike wall enclosure. Each group tank dike area shall have a net capacity not less than that of the largest tank plus 10 percent of the aggregate capacity of all other tanks served by the dike enclosure. That portion of the surface occupied by tank or tanks shall be included when computing the diked area.

5706.4.17 Tank and piping test.

Tank and piping shall be tested at the time of installation at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department as follows:

1. Aboveground, underground and mounded-over tanks shall be filled to capacity with water and maintained for not less than 24 hours.

2. Piping shall be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch (psig) (689.5 kPa) or 150 percent of the maximum operating pressure, whichever is greater, for 30 minutes.

5706.4.17.1 Periodic test.

Underground piping shall be tested once every 10 years at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. Such test shall be made at 100 pounds per square inch (psig) (689.5 kPa) or 150 percent of the maximum operating pressure, whichever is greater, for 30 minutes.

5706.5 Bulk transfer and process transfer operations.

Bulk transfer and process transfer operations shall be subject to the approval of the commissioner and be conducted in compliance with the requirements of FC 5706.5.1 through 5706.5.18.3, except that liquid motor fuel-dispensing facilities shall comply with the requirements of FC Chapter 23.

5706.5.1 Location.

Bulk transfer and process transfer operations shall be conducted in approved locations. Tank cars shall be unloaded only on private sidings or railroad-siding facilities equipped for transferring flammable or combustible liquids. Cargo tank and tank car transfer facilities shall be separated from buildings, aboveground tanks, combustible materials, lot lines, public streets and private roads by a distance of 25 feet (7620 mm) for flammable liquids and 15 feet (4572 mm) for combustible liquids measured from the nearest position of any loading or unloading valve or connection. Buildings for pumps or shelters for personnel shall be considered part of the transfer facility.

5706.5.2 Weather protection canopies.

Where weather protection canopies are provided, they shall be constructed in accordance with FC 5004.13. Weather protection canopies shall not be located within 15 feet (4572 mm) of a building or combustible material or within 25 feet (7620 mm) of building openings, lot lines, public streets or private roads.

5706.5.3 Ventilation.

Ventilation shall be provided to prevent accumulation of vapors in accordance with FC 5705.3.7.5.1.

5706.5.4 Sources of ignition.

Sources of ignition shall be controlled or eliminated in accordance with FC 5003.7.

5706.5.5 Spill control and secondary containment.

Areas where transfer operations are located shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with FC 5703.4. The spill control and secondary containment system shall have a design capacity capable of containing the capacity of the largest tank compartment located in the area where transfer operations are conducted. Containment of the rainfall volume specified in FC 5004.2.2.6 is not required.

5706.5.6 Fire protection.

Fire protection shall be in accordance with FC 5706.4.10.5.

5706.5.7 Static protection.

Static protection shall be provided to prevent the accumulation of static charges during transfer operations. Bonding facilities shall be provided during the transfer through open domes where flammable liquids are transferred, or where combustible liquids are transferred into cargo tanks or tank cars which could contain vapors from previous cargoes of flammable liquids. Protection shall consist of a metallic bond wire permanently electrically connected to the fill stem. The fill pipe assembly shall form a continuous electrically conductive path downstream from the point of bonding. The free end of such bond wire shall be provided with a clamp or equivalent device for convenient attachment to a metallic part in electrical contact with the cargo tank or tank car. For cargo tanks, protection shall consist of a flexible bond wire of adequate strength for the intended service and the electrical resistance shall not exceed 1 megohm. For tank cars, bonding shall be provided where the resistance of a tank car to ground through the rails is 25 ohms or greater. Such bonding connection shall be fastened to the cargo tank or tank car before dome covers are raised and shall remain in place until filling is complete and all dome covers have been closed and secured.

Exceptions:

1. Where cargo tanks or tank cars are loaded exclusively with products not having a static-accumulating tendency, such as asphalt, cutback asphalt, most crude oils, residual oils and water-miscible liquids.

2. When flammable liquids are not handled at the transfer facility and the cargo tanks are used exclusively for combustible liquids.

3. Where cargo tanks or tank cars are loaded or unloaded through closed top or bottom connections when the hose is conductive.

5706.5.7.1 Filling through open domes.

Filling through open domes into the tanks of cargo tanks or tank cars that contain vapor-air mixtures within the flammable range, or where the liquid being filled can form such a mixture, shall be by means of a downspout which extends to near the bottom of the tank. It shall be unlawful to fill a cargo tank or tank car with gasoline through an open dome.

5706.5.8 Stray current protection.

Tank car loading facilities where Class I, II or IIIA liquids are transferred through open domes shall be protected against stray currents by permanently bonding the pipe to at least one rail and to the transfer apparatus. Multiple pipes entering the transfer areas shall be permanently electrically bonded together. In areas where excessive stray currents are known to exist, all pipes entering the transfer area shall be provided with insulating sections to isolate electrically the transfer apparatus from the pipelines.

5706.5.9 Top loading.

When top loading a cargo tank with Class I and II liquids without vapor control, valves used for the final control of flow shall be of the self-closing type and shall be manually held open except where automatic means are provided for shutting off the flow when the tank is full. When used, automatic shutoff systems shall be provided with a manual shutoff valve located at a safe distance from the loading nozzle to stop the flow if the automatic system fails. When top loading a cargo tank with vapor control, flow control shall be in accordance with FC 5706.5.10. Self-closing valves shall not be tied or locked in the open position.

5706.5.10 Bottom loading.

When bottom loading a cargo tank or tank car with or without vapor control, a positive means shall be provided for loading a predetermined quantity of liquid, together with an automatic secondary shutoff control to prevent overfill. The connecting components between the transfer equipment and the cargo tank or tank car required to operate the secondary control shall be functionally compatible.

5706.5.10.1 Dry disconnect coupling.

When bottom loading a cargo tank, the coupling between the liquid loading hose or pipe and the cargo tank piping shall be a dry disconnect coupling.

5706.5.10.2 Venting.

When bottom loading a cargo tank or tank car that is equipped for vapor control and vapor control is not required or used for the product being loaded, the tank shall be vented to the atmosphere to prevent pressurization of the tank. Such venting shall be at a height equal to or greater than the top of the cargo tank or tank car.

5706.5.10.3 Vapor-tight connection.

Connections to the plant vapor control system shall be designed to prevent the escape of vapor to the atmosphere when not connected to a cargo tank or tank car.

5706.5.10.4 Vapor recovery and processing equipment.

Vapor recovery and processing equipment at bulk plants and terminals shall comply with the requirements of FC 5706.8.

5706.5.11 Switch loading.

Cargo tanks or tank cars which have previously contained flammable liquids shall not be loaded with combustible liquids until such tanks or cars and all piping, pumps, hoses and meters connected thereto have been completely drained and flushed.

5706.5.12 Loading racks.

Where provided, loading racks, stairs or platforms shall be constructed of noncombustible materials. Buildings for pumps or for shelter of loading personnel are allowed to be part of the loading rack. Wiring and electrical equipment located within 25 feet (7620 mm) of any portion of the loading rack shall be in accordance with FC 5703.1.1.

5706.5.13 Transfer apparatus.

Bulk and process transfer apparatus shall be of an approved type.

5706.5.14 Indoor transfers.

Cargo tanks and tank cars shall not be located indoors while transferring flammable or combustible liquids.

Exception: Cargo tanks are allowed under weather protection canopies and canopies of automotive liquid motor fuel-dispensing facilities.

5706.5.15 Cargo tank and tank car.

Cargo tanks and tank cars shall be certified and permitted in accordance with this section.

5706.5.15.1 DOTn certification.

Certification shall be maintained for cargo tanks and tank cars in accordance with the regulations of the United States Department of Transportation, as set forth in Parts 100 - 180.

5706.5.15.2 Department permit.

It shall be unlawful for any person to load a cargo tank with any flammable liquid or Class II or IIIA combustible liquid or to receive or accept delivery of such products in or from a cargo tank, except in or from a cargo tank for which a department permit has been issued and is displayed pursuant to the provisions of FC Chapter 50. The provisions of this section shall not prohibit the loading of a cargo tank with any liquid products with a flash point over 200°F (93°C) nor the receiving or acceptance of delivery from a cargo tank of any liquid products with a flash point over 200°F (93°C), provided that such cargo tank is designed, constructed, and equipped in accordance with the regulations of the United States Department of Transportation governing the transportation of dangerous articles by common, contract, private and proprietary carriers engaged in interstate commerce.

5706.5.16 Securing cargo tanks and tank cars from movement.

Cargo tanks and tank cars shall be secured from movement during loading and unloading operations by setting the cargo tank's or tank car's brakes and by chocking or blocking the wheels. At least two wheel chocks not less than 5 inches by 5 inches by 12 inches (127 mm by 127 mm by 305 mm) in size and dished to fit the contour of the tires shall be used for cargo tanks.

5706.5.17 Vehicle motor.

Motors of cargo tanks or tank cars shall be shut off during the making and breaking of hose connections and during the unloading operation except when unloading is performed with a pump deriving its power from the cargo tank motor.

5706.5.18 Piping, valves, hoses and fittings.

During process transfers, piping, valves, hoses and fittings which are not a part of the cargo tank or tank car shall be designed and installed in accordance with FC 5703.6. Caps or plugs which prevent leakage or spillage shall be provided at all points of connection to transfer piping.

5706.5.18.1 Shutoff valves.

Approved automatically or manually activated shutoff valves shall be provided where the transfer hose connects to the process piping, and on both sides of any exterior fire-resistance-rated wall through which the piping passes. Manual shutoff valves shall be arranged such that they are readily accessible from grade. Valves shall not be locked in the open position.

5706.5.18.2 Hydrostatic relief.

Hydrostatic pressure-limiting or relief devices shall be provided where pressure buildup in trapped sections of the system could exceed the design pressure of the components of the system. Devices shall relieve to other portions of the system or to another approved location.

5706.5.18.3 Antisiphon valves.

Antisiphon valves shall be provided when the system design would allow siphonage.

5706.6 Reserved.

5706.7 Reserved.

5706.8 Vapor recovery and processing systems for use in bulk plants and terminals.

Vapor recovery and processing systems installed at bulk plants and terminals, including systems associated with piping, loading racks, dikes, fire detection and fire protection equipment, shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with FC 5706.8.1 through 5706.8.3. Such compliance shall be required for all vapor recovery processing systems, whether installed voluntarily or pursuant to the requirements of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Coast Guard or New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. The requirements of FC 5706.8 through 5706.8.3 apply to both new and existing facilities.

5706.8.1 General.

Vapor recovery and processing systems shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 30, except as otherwise provided in this section, the regulations of the United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Coast Guard and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, as applicable, and the following general requirements:

1. Electrical equipment shall comply with the requirements of the Electrical Code. Upon request, proof of compliance with the Electrical Code shall be filed with the department.

2. The installation of any refrigerating system shall comply with the requirements of FC Chapter 6 and the Mechanical Code.

3. All tanks and piping shall be grounded. Static bonding connections shall be made between loading arm, vehicle and vapor recovery unit. An interlock shall be provided to prevent pumping operations until properly grounded.

4. All product pumps and compressors shall be of a type approved for such use.

5. Pressure vessels shall conform to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. The manufacturer data sheet for the pressure vessel shall be maintained on the premises and made available for inspection to any representative of the department.

6. Knock-out vessels shall be provided with a high liquid level sensor that will initiate shutdown of the liquid transfer into the vessel and the vapor recovery or processing system.

7. A flame arrestor and mist eliminator element shall be provided at final emission vent.

8. A fire detection system shall be provided that will initiate shutdown of the vapor recovery and processing system in the event of fire.

9. An annunciator panel with audible and visible alarms shall be provided in the dispatcher's office. The annunciator panel shall monitor and shut down the vapor recovery and processing system upon any equipment malfunction, including a malfunction of the fire detection system.

10. Insulation material shall be noncombustible.

11. Lightning protection shall be provided in accordance with NFPA 780.

12. Pressure relief valves shall be provided on all pressure vessels and wherever else required by the system design, and shall be sized in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Pressure relief valves shall discharge to a safe location. No shutoff valve shall be installed in the line of relief. Tanks and equipment shall have independent venting for over-pressure or vacuum conditions that might occur from malfunction of the vapor recovery or recovery unit.

13. A reinforced concrete base shall be provided and approved by the agency having jurisdiction.

14. Vapor recovery and processing systems shall be placed in an unpierced dike of such construction and capacity as the commissioner may prescribe. No drains shall be allowed, and any drain pump used shall be manually activated.

15. Vapor recovery and processing systems shall be installed at least 25 feet (7620 mm) from bulk storage tanks, warehouses, loading racks, dispatchers' offices, transfer facilities, buildings housing fire protection systems, central heating plants or electrical distribution systems, other plant buildings, building lines and adjoining lot lines. When vessels in the vapor recovery and processing system operate in excess of 50 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (345 kPa), but less than 150 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (1034 kPa), the minimum distance shall be 50 feet (15 240 mm), unless a protective structure, such as masonry or concrete fire wall, is installed in the line of sight between such vessel and the exposure, in which case the minimum distance of 25 feet (7620 mm) shall be applicable.

16. Vents on vapor-processing equipment shall be not less than 15 feet (4572 mm) from ground level, with outlets located and directed so that flammable vapors will disperse to below the lower flammable limit (LFL) before reaching a potential ignition source.

17. The vapor recovery and processing system shall be protected from physical damage, including damage by motor vehicles utilizing dikes, posts, or other approved means.

18. The entire vapor recovery and processing system shall be inspected for proper operation on a periodic basis, but not less than once every 6 months, by a qualified person. Such inspection shall be documented in a log book maintained at the facility for such purpose.

19. Durable signs reading "DANGER – NO SMOKING, MATCHES, OPEN LIGHTS OR SPARKING DEVICES AT THIS EQUIPMENT" shall be conspicuously posted at or near the vapor recovery and processing system in addition to the "No Smoking" signs required throughout the facility.

20. One or more foam hydrants, yard hydrants, monitor nozzles and portable fire extinguishers having a minimum 40-B:C rating, shall be provided within 50 feet (15240 mm) of the vapor recovery and processing system and shall be readily available for use.

21. All piping associated with a vapor recovery and processing system, including piping connecting such system to storage tanks, shall be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (690 kPa) or one and one-half (1.5) times the maximum working pressure, whichever is greater, for a period of 2 hours, and shall show no leaks. Such hydrostatic testing shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department. In lieu of such hydrostatic testing, the commissioner may accept an affidavit from the manufacturer attesting to the integrity of piping integral to the vapor recovery and processing system.

22. Where a storage tank is connected to a vapor recovery and processing system, a mist eliminator shall be provided in the vapor line at or adjacent to the tank to remove entrained liquid and return same to the tank or an approved collection system.

23. The vapor recovery and processing system shall be designed to minimize and dissipate static electricity in accordance with NFPA 77.

5706.8.2 Atmospheric condensation and refrigeration vapor recovery and processing systems.

A vapor condenser system shall be placed in an unpierced dike or within a concrete trench of adequate width and depth to hold at least 1 hour's vapor recovery.

5706.8.3 Absorption vapor recovery and processing systems.

Absorption vapor recovery and processing systems shall comply with the following requirements:

1. A lean oil storage tank shall be protected by a foam fire extinguishing system.

2. The entire vapor recovery and processing system, including the lean oil storage tank, shall be placed in an unpierced dike. The height of the dike shall be based upon the size of the lean oil storage tank and shall have a capacity of at least 110 percent of such tank, but in any event not less than the maximum pumping capacity of the system for 20 minutes of operation.

3. Heaters used shall be of a type approved for such use and shall be equipped with an automatic shutoff device that activates upon reaching the high temperature limit for the absorption vapor recovery and processing system.

4. All absorbers, saturators, heat exchangers and condensers shall conform to ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and the provisions of FC Chapter 53.

5. A relief valve shall be provided for compressors, stripper columns and other pressure vessels.

6. Lean oil tanks and vapor vessels shall be constructed and installed in accordance with this chapter and API 650.

7. Upon installation, a vapor vessel bladder shall be pneumatically tested at one and one quarter times the maximum operating pressure for 4 hours without leakage. A retest shall be performed annually. All such tests shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department.

5706.9 Cargo tank loading rack systems.

Loading rack systems shall be designed, installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the following requirements:

1. Any vapor recovery and processing system used in connection with a loading rack system shall comply with the requirements of FC 5706.8.1 through 5706.8.3.

2. Loading racks shall be protected throughout by a fire extinguishing system as set forth in FC 5706.4.10.5.1.

3. Cargo tanks loaded at bulk plants or terminals shall be compatible with all safety features incorporated into the loading rack.

4. Dry-break adapters conforming to API standards shall be provided on the fill and vapor recovery lines. During loading, each cargo tank compartment shall be sealed except for the dry-break fill coupling and vapor recovery line.

5. An interlock shall be provided to prevent loading when the cargo tank vehicle motor is running and to prevent start up of the cargo tank vehicle motor during loading. Such interlock device shall further prevent the vehicle motor from starting before the product fill line and vapor return line have been disconnected.

6. An interlock device shall be provided so that no loading may take place unless the vapor recovery line is properly connected to the cargo tank.

7. Except when loading, protective caps shall cover all dry-break adapters as protection against the elements and physical damage from impact.

8. No more than three compartments shall be loaded at a time.

9. A two-stage preset meter shall be provided for each loading arm. Loading arms shall be equipped with manual or electronic dead-man control valves.

10. All electrical equipment shall be suitable for use in hazardous locations. The design of the electronic sending device shall be such that a source of higher voltage or current cannot be connected to same.

11. An approved overfill prevention system shall be provided at the loading rack and shall be designed to ensure at least 1 percent vapor space per compartment. In no event shall the vapor space in a compartment be less than 40 gallons (151 L) in capacity.

12. A liquid detector shall be provided in the vapor return line, to automatically shut off the loading system if liquid reaches the vapor line.

13. All components of the fill and vapor recovery loading arm assemblies making contact with the cargo tank, including the loading head, shall be constructed of sparkproof material.

14. The fill line and the vapor recovery line in loading arm assemblies shall be of the same diameter. The maximum velocity in any liquid line shall not exceed 15 feet per second (4572 mm per second).

15. The fill line and vapor recovery line in loading arm assemblies shall be constructed of rigid steel, except that flexible hose may be used for fill or vapor recovery loading assemblies provided that such hose is no longer in length than necessary, has an inner diameter no greater than 4 inches (102 mm), is of steel construction and is rated for not less than 800 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (5617 kPa).

16. Cargo tanks shall not be filled with flammable or combustible liquids unless one or more devices, equipment or systems are provided to immediately shut down the flow of such liquid in the event of cargo tank overfilling, faulty dome seal, cargo tank pressure exceeding 3 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (21.7 kPa) and electrical grounding fault.

17. The loading arm assembly shall be grounded.

18. The loading arm assembly shall be designed to break away from the cargo tank without rupture should the cargo tank move with the loading arm still in place.

19. All liquid and vapor piping at the loading arm assembly shall be hydrostatically tested to a pressure of 100 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (690 kPa) or one and one-half (1.5) times the maximum working pressure, whichever is greater, for a period of 2 hours. Such test shall be conducted at the owner's risk by his or her representative before a representative of the department.

20. The loading head unit seal against the cargo tank shall not exceed a force of 200 pounds (90.8 kg) or a pressure of 5 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (34.5 kPa).

21. A mist eliminator shall be provided in the vapor line at or adjacent to the loading arm to remove entrained liquid and return same to the cargo tank, or to an approved collection system.

22. Cargo tanks containing flammable liquids in any compartment shall not be loaded with combustible liquids unless the loading rack is protected by a fire extinguishing system in accordance with this chapter.

23. The loading rate of combustible liquids into cargo tanks shall be such that the initial velocity in the liquid line is 3 feet per second (914 mm per second) and the final rate does not exceed 15 feet per second (4572 mm per second).