R.I. Gen. Laws § 20-13-13: Restriction on size of weapons and ammunition.

Whoever uses or has in his or her possession while hunting in this state any rifle: (a) larger than a twenty-two (22) caliber rim fire rifle; or (b) other than a muzzle loading rifle; or (c) other than any shotgun and shells loaded with ball, bullets, slug; or shot larger than number two (no. 2) shot, shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars ($500) or imprisoned not exceeding thirty (30) days, or both; provided, however, that from April 1 to September 30, both dates inclusive, no center fire rifles larger than .229 caliber may be used during daylight hours; and provided further, that persons hunting water fowl in a blind or over decoys may use steel shot of size number one (no. 1) or BB.