49 CFR 209.603: Minimum and maximum penalties.

A person who violates a requirement of the Federal railroad safety laws, an order issued thereunder, chapter II, subtitle B, of this title, or title 49, subtitle V, part A, of the United States Code, is subject to a civil penalty of at least the minimum civil monetary penalty and not more than the ordinary maximum civil monetary penalty per violation. However, penalties may be assessed against individuals only for willful violations, and a penalty not to exceed the aggravated maximum civil monetary penalty per violation may be assessed, where a grossly negligent violation, or a pattern of repeated violations, has created an imminent hazard of death or injury to persons, or a death or injury has occurred. See 49 CFR part 209, appendix A. Each day a violation continues shall constitute a separate offense. See FRA's website at https://railroads.dot.gov/for a statement of agency civil penalty policy.