KRS 411.184: Definitions -- Punitive damages -- Proof of punitive damages.

(1) As used in this section and KRS 411.186, unless the context requires otherwise:

(a) "Oppression" means conduct which is specifically intended by the defendant

to subject the plaintiff to cruel and unjust hardship.

(b) "Fraud" means an intentional misrepre sentation, deceit, or concealment of

material fact known to the defendant and made with the intention of causing

injury to the plaintiff.

(c) "Malice" means either conduct which is specifically intended by the defendant

to cause tangible or intangible inj ury to the plaintiff or conduct that is carried

out by the defendant both with a flagrant indifference to the rights of the

plaintiff and with a subjective awareness that such conduct will result in

human death or bodily harm.

(d) "Plaintiff" means any party claiming punitive damages.

(e) "Defendant" means any party against whom punitive damages are sought.

(f) "Punitive damages" includes exemplary damages and means damages, other

than compensatory and nominal damages, awarded against a person to punish

and to discourage him and others from similar conduct in the future.

(2) A plaintiff shall recover punitive damages only upon proving, by clear and

convincing evidence, that the defendant from whom such damages are sought acted

toward the plaintiff with oppression, fraud or malice.

(3) In no case shall punitive damages be assessed against a principal or employer for

the act of an agent or employee unless such principal or employer authorized or

ratified or should have anticipated the conduct in question.

(4) In no case shall punitive damages be awarded for breach of contract.

(5) This statute is applicable to all cases in which punitive damages are sought and

supersedes any and all existing statutory or judicial law insofar as such law is

inconsistent with the provisions of this statute.